哺乳期范围内的遗传洞察力,用于牧场奶牛的利用
E Tavernier1, I C Gormley2, L Delaby3
1School of Mathematics and Statistics, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Animal Bioscience, Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland.
Journal of dairy science
|August 16, 2025
概括
养殖乳牛以更好地利用是减少环境影响的关键. 在哺乳期内,使用效率 (NUE) 和平衡 (Nbal) 的遗传变异发生变化,为遗传选择提供了机会.
科学领域:
- 动物科学动物科学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 环境科学 环境科学
背景情况:
- 越来越多的社会和经济压力需要减少乳牛的排泄.
- 养殖高效奶牛是缓解污染的潜在解决方案.
- 了解哺乳期中利用的遗传变异性对于有效的育种策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究整个乳牛的哺乳周期中,利用指标的遗传变异如何发生变化.
- 在哺乳期内分析使用效率 (NUE) 和平衡 (Nbal) 的遗传参数.
- 评估基因选择的潜力,以修改气利用的哺乳期概况.
主要方法:
- 从1,296只放牧奶牛的2,255次哺乳中利用了4,600种利用表型.
- 采用随机回归模型来分析整个哺乳期NUE和Nbal的遗传变异性和共变性.
- 评估NUE作为使用/储存的相对于可用的,和Nbal作为可用的减去使用/储存的.
主要成果:
- 对NUE和Nbal的遗传变异性和遗传性在哺乳期内显著变化.
- 对于NUE的遗传性从0.35在6 DIM变化到80 DIM的0.07的低点,然后增加到0.48.
- 遗传相关性表明,与Nbal相比,NUE的哺乳状况更有可能改变,尽管Nbal的身高也可以得到改善.
结论:
- 乳牛在整个哺乳期内,利用的遗传变异是动态的.
- 无论是NUE还是Nbal,都提供了基因改进的机会,具有修改其哺乳概况的独特潜力.
- 养殖目标应考虑NUE和Nbal,因为它们的遗传相关性有限,以提高乳牛的总体利用率.
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