基于物理信息的神经网络和传统机器学习模型的煤炭和天然气爆发的预测
Lei Wang1,2, Baoshan Jia3,4, Guorui Su5
1College of Safety Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin, 123000, China.
Scientific reports
|August 16, 2025
概括
物理信息神经网络 (PINN) 提高了煤炭和天然气爆发预测的准确性和在采矿中的解释性. 这种数据驱动的方法整合了物理定律,提高了安全性和降低风险的策略.
科学领域:
- 采矿工程 采矿工程 采矿工程
- 计算科学 计算科学
- 地质物理学 地质物理学
背景情况:
- 煤炭和天然气喷发在地下采矿中存在重大危险.
- 准确的预测对于提高矿山安全和运营效率至关重要.
- 传统的机器学习模型在平衡准确性和可解释性方面面临挑战,特别是在复杂的地质数据方面.
研究的目的:
- 开发和评估使用物理信息神经网络 (PINN) 的煤炭和天然气爆发的新型预测模型.
- 通过将物理约束整合到数据驱动框架中,提高爆发预测的准确性和可解释性.
- 将PINN模型的性能与既有机器学习技术进行比较.
主要方法:
- 实现一个包含物理单调性约束的物理信息神经网络 (PINN) 模型.
- 使用实际的煤矿数据进行培训和验证.
- 与传统机器学习模型进行比较分析:随机森林 (RF),支持矢量机 (SVM) 和反向传播神经网络 (BPNN).
主要成果:
- PINN模型实现了0.966的高确定系数 (R2) 和6.452.45的低根平均平方误差 (RMSE).
- 与RF,SVM和BPNN相比,PINN显示出更高的预测准确度和概括能力.
- 由于物理定律和单调性约束的整合,观察到更好的解释性.
结论:
- 基于PINN的框架为评估煤炭和天然气爆发风险提供了更可靠和理论上更合理的方法.
- 将PINN集成到采矿安全管理系统中可以显著改善预警系统和降低风险.
- 该研究强调了基于物理的机器学习在应对地质科学和工程领域的复杂挑战方面的潜力.
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