评估聊天GPT-3.5与人类提供的基于文本的认知行为疗法的有效性:一项比较试点研究
Sebastian Acevedo1,2, Esha Aneja3, Douglas J Opler2
1Department of Psychiatry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta.
American journal of psychotherapy
|August 18, 2025
概括
人类治疗师在提供基于文本的认知行为疗法 (CBT) 中显著超过了像ChatGPT-3.5这样的AI聊天机器人. 虽然人工智能可以提供帮助,但目前的实施方案缺乏个性化深度,无法独立进行心理健康治疗.
科学领域:
- 心理健康 心理健康
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 数字治疗学数字治疗学
背景情况:
- 人工智能 (AI) 融入精神卫生保健提供了增加可访问性和新型治疗方法的潜力.
- 基于文本的认知行为疗法 (CBT) 是一种广泛认可和有效的心理治疗形式.
- 评估人工智能在提供治疗干预措施中的有效性对于负责任的实施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较人工智能治疗师 (ChatGPT-3.5) 与人类治疗师在提供基于文本的CBT的有效性.
- 评估当前AI在治疗环境中的能力和局限性,使用既定的指标和定性反.
主要方法:
- 对75名心理健康专业人员和实习生进行了横截面调查.
- 参与者使用认知治疗评分表 (CTRS) 来评估来自人工智能治疗师和人类治疗师的匿名基于文本的CBT转录.
- 收集了定性反,以进一步评估治疗师的表现和患者的体验.
主要成果:
- 在大多数CTRS领域 (p<0.001) 中,人类治疗师的表现明显优于ChatGPT-3.5.
- 受访者对人类治疗师的议程设定 (52%对28%) 和整体有效性 (29%对9%) 的评价更高.
- 虽然人工智能对内部现实表现出类似的理解 (36%对比19%),但它被认为比人类治疗师少个性化和更硬.
结论:
- 目前的人工智能实现,如ChatGPT-3.5,显示出作为补充工具的潜力,但缺乏在心理健康治疗中独立使用的深度.
- 这些发现是针对这种AI模型和部署的具体发现,并且由于不同的交付方法,不能将其推广到所有基于AI的疗法.
- 需要进一步的研究来探索AI在各种治疗模式中的细微能力和局限性.
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