围产期感染对发育的影响
Sarah B Mulkey1,2,3
1Zickler Family Prenatal Pediatrics Institute, Children's National Hospital.
Current opinion in pediatrics
|August 18, 2025
概括
围产期感染,如先天性细胞巨型病毒,寨卡病毒和SARS-CoV-2可以对儿童的神经发育产生负面影响,增加延迟和自闭症谱系障碍的风险. 对所有患有此类感染的婴儿来说,密切的神经发育随访至关重要.
科学领域:
- 儿童传染病 儿童传染病
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 围产期感染越来越多地被认为对儿童神经发育有潜在的长期影响.
- 最近的研究突出了特定的病毒,包括先天性细胞巨乳病毒,寨卡病毒,奇孔古尼亚和SARS-CoV-2,有记录的神经发育影响.
- 了解这些影响对于早期干预和改善儿童结果至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 审查有关特定围产期感染的神经发育后果的当前知识.
- 综合与先天性细胞巨型病毒,寨卡病毒,奇孔古尼亚和SARS-CoV-2相关的发现.
- 强调持续的神经发育监测的重要性.
主要方法:
- 关于围产期感染和神经发育的最新出版物的文献综述.
- 对调查暴露于特定病原体的儿童神经发育结果的研究进行分析.
- 综合了关于发育迟缓,自闭症谱系障碍和认知表现的数据.
主要成果:
- 先天性细胞巨乳病毒感染,特别是症状病例,与发育迟缓和自闭症谱系障碍的风险增加有关.
- 产前接触SARS-CoV-2可能是发育延迟的危险因素,需要密切监测.
- 遗传性寨卡病毒暴露与神经发育的后果和死亡率的增加有关,即使在正常脑症婴儿中也是如此.
结论:
- 围产和先天性感染显著增加了儿童神经发育受损的风险.
- 在整个儿童时期进行全面和密切的神经发育随访对于所有患有围产期感染的婴儿至关重要.
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