影响撒哈拉以南非洲非传染性疾病政策进程的因素:范围审查
Enny Brouns1, Chanelle Mulopo2,3, Solange Mianda4
1Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
BMJ public health
|August 18, 2025
概括
非传染性疾病 (NCD) 是全球性的挑战,特别是在低收入国家. 本次审查确定了NCD政策实施的障碍和促进因素,强调需要对撒哈拉以南非洲的行为体影响和政策评估进行更多研究.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生政策 卫生政策
- 全球健康 全球健康
背景情况:
- 非传染性疾病 (NCDs) 是全球主要的死亡原因,在低收入和中等收入国家承受着巨大的负担.
- 尽管建立了NCD政策框架,如WHO Best Buys,但有效的采用和实施仍然具有挑战性.
- 了解影响NCD政策进程的因素对于改善公共卫生结果至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 对影响非传染性疾病 (NCD) 政策过程的因素进行范围审查.
- 探索在NCD政策的议程设定,制定,采用,实施和评估阶段的影响.
- 确定影响NCD政策制定和执行的障碍和促进因素.
主要方法:
- 根据Levac等的研究,采用一个范围审查方法. 是一个雇员.
- 在 Web of Science,Scopus 和 PubMed 进行的文献搜索.
- 从35项包括研究中提取的数据,并使用描述性数值和主题分析进行合成.
主要成果:
- 确定了六种类型的政策参与者 (政府,私营部门,倡导者,专家,国际合作伙伴,公众).
- 主要障碍包括有限的资源,数据,政府的作用,多部门合作,基础设施和知识.
- 促进者包括多部门方法,能力,财政资源,当地证据,宣传,基础设施和政治意愿.
结论:
- 关于政策参与者在NCD政策过程中的影响策略,存在重大知识差距.
- 特别是在撒哈拉以南非洲地区,对评估非传染性疾病政策的证据显著缺乏.
- 需要进一步的研究来了解参与者的影响力,并制定针对非传染性疾病的强有力的政策评估框架.
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