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创伤后脑损伤 (TBI) 认知障碍中的微质:从病理变化到治疗方法

Ningcen Li¹, Wenhui Lu², Limei Tang^3,4

¹Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.

CNS neuroscience & therapeutics

|August 18, 2025

概括

微质细胞在创伤性脑损伤 (TBI) 恢复过程中起着双重作用,有助于炎症和修复. 准微质极化是治疗TBI引起的认知障碍的关键.

科学领域:

神经科学是一个神经科学.
免疫学免疫学免疫学
神经学神经学

背景情况:

创伤性脑损伤 (TBI) 是神经疾病的重要原因,导致影响生活质量的认知障碍.
中枢神经系统的免疫细胞微质细胞在TBI后的认知缺陷的发展中起着至关重要的作用.

研究的目的:

审查微质在正常生理状态中的作用.
阐明微质在TBI后认知障碍中的多方面的功能.

主要方法:

在过去20年内发表的临床前和临床研究的系统文献综述.
在PubMed,Google Scholar,Web of Science和Scopus上进行的搜索使用了诸如"创伤性脑损伤"",认知障碍"和"小质"等关键词.

主要成果:

激活的微质清除碎片,并在急性TBI中启动修复,但也可以促进神经炎症 (M1极化) 和突触功能障碍.
持续的M1驱动性炎症和受损的细胞形成阻碍了神经修复,并加剧了慢性认知障碍.
潜在的治疗方法包括抗炎疗法,调节微质表型 (M2),正常化细胞和干细胞疗法.

结论:

微质在TBI诱导的认知障碍中表现出双重作用,充当神经炎症的驱动者和修复的执行者.
未来的治疗策略必须精确地针对微质偏振平衡,并采用时空干预来促进恢复.

关键词:

动态和双重的角色.微质细胞中的微质细胞神经炎症是一种神经炎症.病理变化的病理变化.在TBI后的认知障碍.治疗方法的治疗方法.创伤性脑损伤是一种创伤性脑损伤

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Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction

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DefinitionTraumatic brain injury, or TBI, is a disturbance of normal brain function induced by an external mechanical force, such as a direct blow to the head or a penetrating injury. It can affect both brain structure and function, producing a wide range of clinical outcomes. TBI is a heterogeneous condition, meaning its effects may differ based on the type, location, and severity of the injury.Basis of ClassificationTBI is classified based on severity, injury mechanism, or pathophysiology. In...