非处方口服避孕药的使用和开始避孕
Maria I Rodriguez1, Haley Burns1, Reed Sheridan1
1Center for Reproductive Health Equity, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland.
JAMA network open
|August 18, 2025
概括
第一个非处方药 (OTC) 口服避孕药 (OCP) 在不使用任何方法或使用效率较低的选择的人中显著增加了避孕措施的使用. 这表明,OTC OCPs可以提高公平获得生殖健康服务的机会.
科学领域:
- 生殖健康 生殖健康
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
- 避孕方法 访问 避孕方法 访问
背景情况:
- 美国FDA于2023年批准了第一个非处方 (OTC) 口服避孕药 (OCP).
- 评估OTC OCP对面对系统性护理障碍的人的影响至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估OTC仅含孕激素的OCP是否能达到以前没有使用避孕措施的个体.
- 评估OTC OCP是否能达到那些依赖于效率较低的避孕方法的人.
主要方法:
- 采用从国家前性美国队列 (2024年4月至2025年2月) 的基线数据进行的横截面研究.
- 包括15-45岁的个人获得OCPs (处方或OTC) 用于避孕.
- 使用多变量逻辑回归来分析结果.
主要成果:
- 32.5%的参与者使用了OTC OCP.
- 场外使用者更有可能没有保险,居住在农村地区.
- 在OTC访问增加了开始避孕的31.8%,从不太有效的方法过渡的41.0%.
结论:
- 许多没有使用任何方法或使用不太有效的避孕方法的个人访问了OTC OCPs.
- 口服避孕药的OTC可用性可能会提高公平的获取.
- 调查结果支持扩大避孕措施的公共卫生影响.
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