多感官反使游泳电路对脊髓截断具有坚固性,并使长长的鱼类能够在陆地爬行
Kotaro Yasui1,2, Astha Gupta3, Qiyuan Fu3
1Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.
概括
神经回路控制脊椎动物的运动. 这项研究模拟了感官反和神经振荡器如何使鱼能够游泳和地面运动,即使在脊髓切割后也是如此.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 机器人技术 机器人技术 机器人技术
- 比较生理学比较生理学
背景情况:
- 脊椎动物的运动依赖于脊髓神经振荡器和感官反.
- 鱼等鱼类的波浪运动涉及神经回路,身体和环境之间的复杂相互作用.
研究的目的:
- 研究自身感受和外感受如何与神经振荡器相互作用,以实现稳定的游泳.
- 确定这些反环是否可以支持干燥地面的移动.
- 解释鱼在脊髓切割后运动的弹性.
主要方法:
- 开发了使用合相振荡器和模拟肌肉模型的运动电路的抽象模型.
- 在模拟和波浪式机器人中测试模型.
- 在脊髓切割之前和之后,对进行了游泳实验.
主要成果:
- 拉伸和压力反有效地产生游泳模式,可以替代直接振荡器合.
- 机动控制器显示出在固定环境中进行地面机动的能力,而拉伸反更有利.
- 模型复制鱼在切割后游泳,这表明拉伸反和自发振荡器活动保持神经协调.
结论:
- 感官反机制对于脊椎动物的水上和陆地运动至关重要.
- 脊髓神经回路具有固有的稳定性,即使在严重受伤后也可以继续发挥作用.
- 这些发现为生物机动控制和生物灵感机器人技术的潜在应用提供了洞察力.
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