每隔两次呼吸是否会降低乳房中风的能量成本?
Miriam Natacha Alves1, Ana Sofia Monteiro2, Ricardo J Fernandes1,3
1CIFI2D, University of Porto, Faculty of Sport, Porto, Portugal.
International journal of sports medicine
|August 18, 2025
概括
在胸游泳中呼吸每一个周期比每两个周期呼吸更节能. 这一发现影响了竞技游泳者适应新的世界水上运动规则,以减少头部出现.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 人体生理学 人体生理学
- 游泳生物力学 游泳生物力学
背景情况:
- 目前的世界水上运动规则允许在胸部冲动周期中少出现头部.
- 传统上,游泳者每次循环都要呼吸一次,但新的规则允许每两次呼吸一次.
- 这些呼吸模式的生物能量影响需要研究.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较呼吸的能量成本 (C) 和生物能量变量,每次呼吸与每两次呼吸周期进行比较.
- 评估与不同的胸部呼吸频率相关的生理需求.
- 根据新规定,向游泳者和教练提供最佳呼吸策略的信息.
主要方法:
- 15名游泳者接受了为期6周的新呼吸模式的训练干预.
- 参与者在两种呼吸条件下完成了200米的增量步骤测试 (每个周期和每两个周期).
- 测量了氧气消耗 (VO2) 和血液乳酸盐 ([La-]),以确定能量消耗 (E_tot) 和C.
主要成果:
- 每个周期的呼吸都会导致血中乳酸盐峰值降低,氧气消耗峰值降低,总能耗降低,在某些强度下,能耗降低.
- 调整后的分析表明,在增量测试的初始阶段,每两周期呼吸时,总能耗较高.
- 这两种呼吸模式都显示了总能耗和速度之间的强烈相关性,但个体反应各不相同.
结论:
- 在乳房中每一个周期呼吸似乎比每两个周期呼吸更有生物能量效率.
- 与每一个循环呼吸相比,每两个循环呼吸的策略在增加的努力中没有表现出有效性.
- 游泳者可能会从采用"每次循环呼吸"模式中受益,以优化新规则下的能源节约.
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