一种多维的方法来评估煤矿地区的重金属对健康的源面风险
Mengjing Ni1, Farui Jiang1, Kunyu Li1
1College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)
|August 18, 2025
概括
在采矿区的重金属 (HM) 土壤污染带来风险. 这项研究整合了多种方法来确定来源并评估对健康的影响,发现煤矿开采和农业是致癌风险的关键因素.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 地质化学 地质化学
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
背景情况:
- 煤矿地区土壤被重金属污染给环境和健康带来了重大风险.
- 传统的方法很难区分自然和人为的HM来源.
- 对于影响源导向健康风险评估的因素的了解有限.
研究的目的:
- 开发和应用一个多维框架来量化中国矿区的特定来源重金属风险.
- 确定土壤重金属污染的主要来源.
- 评估与已识别的HM源相关的人类健康风险.
主要方法:
- 综合地质化学基线分析,正矩阵分解 (PMF),皮尔森相关性,GIS绘图,Pb同位素分析 (MixSIAR) 和蒙特卡洛模拟.
- 对HM (Cd,Hg,As,Pb,Cr,Cu,Ni,Zn) 的量化丰富与当地和国家基线相比.
- 利用贝叶斯混合模型和健康风险评估来将风险归因于已识别的来源.
主要成果:
- 在70%以上的土壤中发现了广泛的HM丰富,Cd,Hg,As,Pb和Cr超过了当地背景.
- 确定了四个主要来源:天然基因材料 (29%),运输基因材料 (24%),煤矿开采 (27%) 和农业 (20%).
- 观察到不可接受的总致癌风险,非致癌风险主要来自煤矿开采,农业和自然来源的致癌风险占主导地位.
结论:
- 综合方法有效量化采矿地区的特定来源的HM风险.
- 煤炭开采和农业活动是健康风险的重要贡献者,除了自然资源.
- 优先控制与采矿和农业相关的Hg,As和Cd对于有针对性的干预和保护人类健康和生态系统至关重要.
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