能量限制和强烈强度运动干预措施对人类肠道微生物组的联合影响:一项随机对照试验
Russell G Davies1, Laura A Wood1, Aaron Hengist1
1Department for Health, Centre for Nutrition Exercise and Metabolism, University of Bath, Bath, UK.
The Journal of physiology
|August 19, 2025
概括
强烈运动和卡路里限制改善了代谢健康,但没有改变超重成人肠道微生物群. 早期减肥代谢变化不太可能是由肠道微生物组驱动的.
科学领域:
- 人类生理学 人类生理学
- 微生物组研究的研究.
- 代谢健康 代谢健康
背景情况:
- 肠道微生物组的改变被假设是通过运动和能量限制来调解代谢的改善.
- 人类的因果证据有限,特别是在早期代谢变化方面.
- 以前的研究往往缺乏强大的随机对照试验 (RCT) 设计.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查一个为期3周的运动和能量限制干预措施是否会改变久坐不动的超重/肥胖男性和绝经后妇女的肠道微生物群.
- 为了确定肠道微生物组组成或功能的变化是否与代谢改善相关.
- 提供关于肠道微生物组在早期减肥诱导的代谢适应中的作用的因果证据.
主要方法:
- 一个为期3周的并行组RCT,涉及18名干预参与者和12名对照.
- 干预措施:通过饮食减少5000卡路里/周的能量,通过跑步机运动减少2000卡路里/周 (70%V·O2峰值).
- 测量方法:双能X射线吸收计 (DEXA),便中枪基因组学,血液标记物,脂肪组织和骨肌肉活检.
主要成果:
- 干预组的体重 (-2.6公斤) 和脂肪质量 (-1.5公斤) 显著减少.
- 快食胰岛素,瘦素,总胆固醇和胰岛素敏感性 (HOMA2%S) 的显著改善.
- 没有观察到肠道微生物群的α或β多样性或相对丰度的显著变化.
结论:
- 身体组成和代谢健康的临床上有意义的改善发生在肠道微生物组没有检测到的变化.
- 人类早期的新陈代谢适应减肥不太可能通过肠道微生物组的改变来调解.
- 这项研究提供了强有力的RCT证据,挑战了肠道微生物组在初始减肥相关代谢改善中的直接作用.
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