认知功能,睡眠特征及其与老年人与失眠和焦虑的关系
Jia Wei1, Jin Kun Zeng1, Ruo Bing Qi2
1Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
Scientific reports
|August 19, 2025
概括
患有失眠和焦虑的老年人表现出更差的认知功能和睡眠质量. 增加的觉醒时间和改变的睡眠阶段与认知能力下降相关,这表明这种下降的潜在生物标志物.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 睡眠医学 睡眠医学
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
背景情况:
- 失眠和焦虑在老年人中很普遍,经常同时发生并影响整体健康.
- 认知能力下降是老年人群的一个重大问题,睡眠障碍可能起到作用.
研究的目的:
- 调查认知功能,睡眠特征以及老年人失眠,焦虑或无焦虑的相互关系.
- 在这个人口群体中确定与认知障碍相关的潜在多睡眠标志物.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及99名老年人的比较研究:50人患有简单的失眠症,49人患有并发性失眠和焦虑症.
- 通过蒙特利尔认知评估 (MoCA) 评估认知功能,通过匹兹堡睡眠质量指数 (PSQI) 评估睡眠质量.
- 多睡眠学 (PSG) 监测了睡眠架构,包括睡眠开始后的觉醒 (WASO),N1和N3睡眠阶段.
主要成果:
- 与那些患有并发性失眠和焦虑症的患者相比,与那些患有简单失眠的患者相比,患者的MoCA总和记忆得分较低,PSQI得分更高.
- 在失眠与焦虑组中,PSG显示了显著更长的WASO和更短的N3睡眠时间/百分比.
- 执行功能与N3睡眠正相关,命名功能与N1睡眠负相关,记忆与WASO负相关.
结论:
- 伴随性失眠和焦虑症的老年人经历了较差的认知功能和睡眠架构的破坏.
- 减少N3睡眠,增加N1睡眠和增加WASO可能成为这一群体认知能力下降的生物标志物.
- 这些发现强调了睡眠障碍与老年人焦虑和失眠的认知健康之间的关键联系.
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