社区长期护理对老年人健康的影响:一项定量研究
Yang Yi1, Cangcang Jia2,3
1School of Government, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
Journal of advanced nursing
|August 20, 2025
概括
社区长期护理 (LTC) 显著改善了中国老年人的健康状况. 这些好处对妇女,老年人,独居者和城市居民尤其显著,改善了自我感知和观察到的健康状况.
科学领域:
- 老年学
- 公共卫生
- 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 中国面临人口快速老龄化,对有效的长期护理 (LTC) 解决方案的需求日益增加.
- 基于社区的LTC模式正在成为老年护理系统的关键组成部分.
- 了解社区LTC对健康的影响对于政策制定至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究基于社区的长期护理与中国老年人的健康结果之间的关联.
- 评估自我评价健康和观察者评价健康 (ORH) 作为护理影响的指标.
- 确定受益于社区LTC的特定人群.
主要方法:
- 利用来自中国长度健康长寿调查 (2011年,2014年,2018年) 的重复截面数据.
- 使用多变量回归和倾向分数匹配分析基于社区的LTC与健康之间的关系.
- 根据年龄,性别,生活方式和城市/非城市居住地进行分组分析.
主要成果:
- 基于社区的LTC显示出与更高的自我健康和更高的ORH有显著的积极关联.
- 使用客观健康指标 (例如高血压,日常生活活动) 的稳定性检查证实了这些发现.
- 基于社区的LTC对健康的影响在妇女,75岁以上的个人和城市居民中更为明显.
结论:
- 基于社区的LTC有效改善了中国老年人的主观和客观健康结果.
- 针对弱势群体,包括老年妇女,老年人,单身居民和城市居民,可以最大限度地发挥LTC的效益.
- 调查结果支持扩大和加强以社区为基础的LTC,以满足中国老龄化人口的需求,并为卫生政策提供信息.
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