永久开花位点:对于草中无跑子和其他无性繁殖表型的基因组预测是必要的,但不够的
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在PubMed上查看摘要
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。草的发育是遗传的,并受到PERPETUAL FLOWERING (PF) 的影响. 基因组选择提供了一种可行的策略,用于开发改进的草品种,并对有效的繁殖进行控制.
科学领域
- 植物遗传学
- 园艺科学
- 繁殖方式
背景情况
- 草 (Fragaria × ananassa) 的繁殖和生产在很大程度上依赖于通过 stolons 的克隆繁殖.
- 草的遗传调节对于繁殖至关重要,
- 永久开花 (PF) 基因来自野生亲属,影响开花并可变地抑制跑步.
研究的目的
- 调查草中跑步者的遗传性和变异性的遗传基础.
- 识别与跑步表型相关的遗传位置.
- 评估基因组选择对修改草跑者的潜力.
主要方法
- 多种草种群中跑步的表型特征.
- 在4B染色体上对PF位点进行物理映射.
- 对1537个个体进行全基因组关联研究 (GWAS).
- 基因组选择和预测准确性的评估.
主要成果
- 草中的Runnering表型是可以遗传和高度变化的.
- 已经绘制了PF位点,并解释了22%的Runnering遗传变异.
- PF是GWAS发现的唯一与跑步相关的位点.
- 对于跑步的基因组预测准确度在0. 53到0. 79之间,并且在对PF进行校正时得到改善.
结论
- 虽然PF基因对草生长有显著的,但不完整和可变的影响.
- 基因组选择是一个有前途的工具,
- 这项研究为开发无运行或减少运行的草品种提供了基础.
相关概念视频
Gregor Mendel's work (1822 - 1884) was primarily focused on pea plants. Through his initial experiments, he determined that every gene in a diploid cell has two variants called alleles inherited from each parent. He suggested that amongst these two alleles, one allele is dominant in character and the other recessive. The combination of alleles determines the phenotype of a gene in an organism.
According to Mendel, organisms with both copies or a single copy of the dominant allele display a...
Trihybrid Crosses
Some of Mendel’s crosses examined three pairs of contrasting characteristics. Such a cross is called a trihybrid cross. A trihybrid cross is a combination of three individual monohybrid crosses. For example, plant height (tall vs. short), seed shape (round vs. wrinkled), and seed color (yellow vs. green).
The F1 generation plants of a trihybrid cross are heterozygous for all three traits and produce eight gametes. Upon self-fertilization, these gametes have an equal...
When crossing pea plants, Mendel noticed that one of the parental traits would sometimes disappear in the first generation of offspring, called the F1 generation, and could reappear in the next generation (F2). He concluded that one of the traits must be dominant over the other, thereby causing masking of one trait in the F1 generation. When he crossed the F1 plants, he found that 75% of the offspring in the F2 generation had the dominant phenotype, while 25% had the recessive phenotype.
Overview
To determine whether traits are inherited together or separately, Gregor Mendel crossed pea plants that differed in two traits. These parental plants were homozygous for both traits but displayed different phenotypes. The first generation of offspring were all dihybrids, heterozygotes exhibiting the two dominant phenotypes. When self-fertilized, the dihybrids consistently produced progeny with a 9:3:3:1 ratio of four possible phenotype combinations. This ratio suggested that...
Overview
In the 1850s and 1860s, Gregor Mendel investigated inheritance by performing monohybrid crosses in pea plants. He crossed two plants that were true-breeding for different traits. Based on his observations, Mendel proposed that organisms inherit two copies of each trait, one from each parent, and that dominant traits can hide recessive traits. These results formed the basis of two fundamental principles in genetics: the Principle of Uniformity and the Law of Segregation.
Monohybrid...
Alleles are different forms of the same gene. Humans and other diploid organisms inherit two alleles of every gene, one from each parent.
An allele is recessive if its effects are masked by another allele at the same gene location. For example, pea plants can have purple or white flowers. In this case, white flowers are recessive since a single copy of the allele for purple flowers will result in a plant with purple flowers, even if they also have the allele for white flowers.
If an organism...