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饮食相关特征和白内障风险:孟德尔随机化研究的证据

Chen Li¹, Yicheng Lu¹, Mingxuan Chen²

¹Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, SuZhou, Jiangsu, China.

Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.)

|August 20, 2025

概括

饮食因素如油性鱼类的摄入可能会影响白内障的风险. 这项研究使用孟德尔的随机化来探索饮食特征与白内障之间的因果关系,建议潜在的饮食干预措施来预防白内障.

科学领域:

眼科眼科
营养科学
遗传流行病学

背景情况:

白内障是全球失明的主要原因,
饮食相关特征 (DRC) 和白内障发展之间的确切因果关系尚未完全理解.
研究饮食影响对于制定有效的白内障预防策略至关重要.

研究的目的:

使用孟德尔随机化 (MR) 调查各种与饮食相关的特征 (DRC) 和白内障之间的因果关系.
确定可能因果影响白内障风险的特定饮食因素.
提供旨在预防白内障的潜在饮食干预措施的证据.

主要方法:

使用欧洲人口公开的GWAS数据进行了两样本的门德尔随机化 (MR) 分析.
根据严格的标准选择了DRC的工具变量.
用多种MR方法和敏感性分析来确保结果的稳定性和有效性.

主要成果:

在油性鱼类摄入量与白内障风险之间观察到显著的反向因果关系 (OR = 0. 86).
在饮食变化和白内障风险之间发现了显著的积极因果关系 (OR = 1. 26).
调解分析表明,食用油性鱼类可能通过特定的代谢物间接影响白内障风险.

结论:

这项研究提供了强有力的证据,证明了与饮食相关的特征,特别是油性鱼类的消费和饮食变化,与白内障之间的因果关系.
这些发现强调了有针对性的饮食干预措施的潜力,例如增加油性鱼的摄入量,以预防白内障.
对代谢物中介作用的进一步研究可以完善眼睛健康的饮食建议.

关键词:

白内障因果关系与饮食相关的特征孟德尔的随机化预防策略

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