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相关概念视频

Ribozymes02:47

Ribozymes

12.4K
The term ribozyme is used for RNA that can act as an enzyme. Ribozymes are mainly found in selected viruses, bacteria, plant organelles, and lower eukaryotes. Ribozymes were first discovered in 1982 when Tom Cech’s laboratory observed Group I introns acting as enzymes. This was shortly followed by the discovery of another ribozyme, Ribonulcease P, by Sid Altman’s laboratory. Both Cech and Altman received the Nobel Prize in chemistry in 1989 for their work on ribozymes.
Ribozymes can...
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Riboswitches01:56

Riboswitches

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Riboswitches are non-coding mRNA domains that regulate the transcription and translation of downstream genes without the help of proteins. Riboswitches bind directly to a metabolite and can form unique stem-loop or hairpin structures in response to the amount of the metabolite present. They have two distinct regions – a metabolite-binding aptamer and an expression platform.
The aptamer has high specificity for a particular metabolite which allows riboswitches to specifically regulate...
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Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation02:53

Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation

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Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...
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General Transcription Factors01:30

General Transcription Factors

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Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
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Types of RNA01:23

Types of RNA

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Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...
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Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

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The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Sep 8, 2025

In Vitro Selection of Engineered Transcriptional Repressors for Targeted Epigenetic Silencing
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阐明 Ribozyme-Enabled Tissue Specificity (RETS) 的设计原理,以便在没有专门的促进剂的情况下实现精确的表达

Max M Combest1, Josh Conlin1, Vivia Van De Mark2

  • 1Colorado State University Department of Biology.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|August 20, 2025
PubMed
概括

我们开发了 Ribozyme Enabled Tissue Specificity (RETS) 来控制植物中的转基因表达, 这种方法使用 ribozymes 来实现生物传感器和作物工程的精确,组织特定的基因表达.

关键词:
应用生物科学酶组织特异性表达表达生物传感器植物发展植物合成生物学

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科学领域:

  • 植物生物学
  • 合成生物学
  • 分子遗传学

背景情况:

  • 组织特异性转基因表达对于生物研究和生物工程至关重要.
  • 鉴定适合精确表达的促进剂是具有挑战性的,特别是在植物中,因为原型的时间长.
  • 现有的方法在研究本地基因表达和工程植物表型方面存在局限性.

研究的目的:

  • 引入一种新的策略,即 Ribozyme 启用组织特异性 (RETS),用于在植物中实现组织特异性转基因表达.
  • 能够精确控制转基因表达,而不依赖于特征性促进体.
  • 展示RETS对于生物传感器和工程植物特征的有用性.

主要方法:

  • 开发了RETS,一种利用分裂自我拼接的 ribozymes (基于 Tetrahymena thermophila 的 I 组内核) 的策略.
  • 利用转录组数据指导条件mRNA复制的设计.
  • 优化了转基因灵活性,增强表达和避免RNA干扰的设计特征.

主要成果:

  • 在使用RETS的Arabidopsis thaliana中证明成功的组织特异性和剂量依赖的转基因表达.
  • 展示了基因编码生物传感器的创建,用于研究植物的时空基因表达.
  • 描绘了器官大小的特定组织变化的工程,证明了表型控制.

结论:

  • 使用非破坏性成像,克服当前技术的局限性,RETS提供了一种研究本地基因表达模式的新方法.
  • 通过RETS对转基因表达进行时空控制,可实现植物表型的精密工程.
  • 这项技术可以在没有构成性表达的缺点的情况下促进作物增强,为改进的农业应用铺平了道路.