在人类和动物肠道微生物群中普遍存在的一种巨大的菌体
LinXing Chen1, Antonio Pedro Camargo2,3, Yiting Qin1
1State Key Laboratory of Advanced Environmental Technology, the Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|August 20, 2025
概括
大肠 (Jug) 菌体是人类肠道微生物组中新发现的巨大的菌体. 这些菌体感染了关键的肠道细菌,并显示出具有重要的生态作用的潜力.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
背景情况:
- 巨大的菌体分布在全球,但它们在人类肠道中的作用尚不清楚.
- 人的肠道微生物群包含各种病毒群体,包括菌体.
研究的目的:
- 描述人类肠道中巨大的菌体的流行,多样性和基因组特征.
- 调查这些新发现的菌体的进化历史和生态意义.
主要方法:
- 分析人类肠道元基因组数据集,以识别和组装巨大的菌体基因组.
- 比较基因组学以评估全基因组序列的同一性和识别水平获得的基因.
- 遗传学分析以确定进化关系和宿主预测.
主要成果:
- 发现了具有大型基因组 (360-402 kbp) 的Jumbo gut (Jug) 菌体,占人类肠道基因组读数的约1.1%.
- 预计菌体会感染 *Bacteroides* 和/或 *Phocaeicola* 种类.
- 在菌体进化过程中,横向基因转移的证据,尽管整体基因组相同性很高.
- 从多种不同的肠道元基因组中恢复了超过1500个菌体基因组,表明广泛分布和交叉宿主传播.
- 在具有高转录活性的菌体中鉴定了一种新型转位P型ATPase基因.
结论:
- 菌体是人类肠道病毒组的重要组成部分.
- 它们的基因组可塑性和广泛分布表明它们具有动态的进化历史和广泛的生态影响.
- 菌体对肠道微生物群的结构和功能有潜在的主要贡献者.
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