心理图像能力影响视觉工作记忆的表现:来自非幻的参与者的证据
Chong Zhao1,2, Edward K Vogel1,2,3, Wilma A Bainbridge1,2,3
1Department of Psychology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|August 20, 2025
概括
患有阿芬坦西亚的个体表现出视觉工作记忆受损. 这表明视觉图像对于回忆视觉信息至关重要,即使是可言语的物品.
科学领域:
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
背景情况:
- 视觉图像涉及创建心理视觉表示.
- 视觉工作记忆在没有外部输入的情况下保留视觉信息.
- 幻觉是无法自愿创建视觉图像的能力.
研究的目的:
- 调查阿芬塔西亚是否影响视觉工作记忆.
- 确定非视觉策略是否可以弥补图像缺陷.
- 检查视觉图像在不同刺激的工作记忆中的作用.
主要方法:
- 进行了两项实验,对象是Aphantasic和对照参与者.
- 参与者通过视觉刺激 (颜色,分数,单词,伪词) 执行了变化本地化任务.
- 视觉图像能力使用视觉图像问卷 (VVIQ) 的生动度进行评估.
主要成果:
- 与对照组相比,Aphantasic参与者表现出明显的视觉工作记忆受损.
- 障碍在易于表达 (颜色,单词) 和不可表达的刺激 (碎形,伪词) 中是一致的.
- 视觉图像的生动度 问卷得分预测了所有刺激类型的工作记忆性能.
结论:
- 视觉图像在支持视觉工作记忆方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
- 幻觉导致视觉工作记忆的缺陷,不管刺激的可言性.
- 视觉图像能力的个体差异是工作记忆表现的重要预测因素.
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