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相关概念视频

Periodic Classification of the Elements04:00

Periodic Classification of the Elements

46.8K
The periodic table arranges atoms based on increasing atomic number so that elements with the same chemical properties recur periodically. When their electron configurations are added to the table, a periodic recurrence of similar electron configurations in the outer shells of these elements is observed. Because they are in the outer shells of an atom, valence electrons play the most important role in chemical reactions. The outer electrons have the highest energy of the electrons in an atom...
46.8K
Properties of Transition Metals02:58

Properties of Transition Metals

27.2K
Transition metals are defined as those elements that have partially filled d orbitals. As shown in Figure 1, the d-block elements in groups 3–12 are transition elements. The f-block elements, also called inner transition metals (the lanthanides and actinides), also meet this criterion because the d orbital is partially occupied before the f orbitals.
27.2K
Molecular Orbital Theory II03:51

Molecular Orbital Theory II

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Molecular Orbital Energy Diagrams
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Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

42.2K
Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. 
42.2K
The Periodic Table03:25

The Periodic Table

83.9K
As early chemists discovered more elements, they realized that various elements could be grouped by their similar chemical behaviors. One such grouping includes lithium (Li), sodium (Na), and potassium (K). All of these elements are shiny, conduct heat and electricity well, and have similar chemical properties. A second grouping includes calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), and barium (Ba), which also are shiny, good conductors of heat and electricity, and have chemical properties in common. However,...
83.9K
Atomic Radii and Effective Nuclear Charge03:08

Atomic Radii and Effective Nuclear Charge

52.6K
The elements in groups of the periodic table exhibit similar chemical behavior. This similarity occurs because the members of a group have the same number and distribution of electrons in their valence shells.
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The Synthesis of [Sn10SiSiMe334]2- Using a Metastable SnI Halide Solution Synthesized via a Co-condensation Technique
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The Synthesis of [Sn10SiSiMe334]2- Using a Metastable SnI Halide Solution Synthesized via a Co-condensation Technique

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更重的15组元素:分子开关发展的新前沿

Rajesh Deka1, Merve Temel1, Stefano Crespi1

  • 1Synthetic Molecular Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden. rajesh.deka@kemi.uu.se.

Dalton transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)
|August 20, 2025
PubMed
概括

更重的基分子开关,特别是那些基于的开关,提供了超越光和热的新兴刺激反应行为. 这些先进的系统扩展了动态功能材料的设计工具包,为传统的有机开关提供了替代方案.

科学领域:

  • 材料科学
  • 超分子化学
  • 无机化学

背景情况:

  • 分子开关对于动态功能材料至关重要,传统上依赖于碳和更轻的基框架,如 stilbenes 和 azobenzenes.
  • 最近的研究重点是主要组元素,特别是等更重的15组元素,以扩大刺激响应度超出光和热.
  • 在合成和稳定不和物种方面取得的进步为分子运动和刺激响应框架打开了新的可能性.

研究的目的:

  • 以聚为重点,突出基于重聚的分子开关的演变和未来潜力.
  • 检查如何在对刺激有反应的材料中使用E/Z异体化,双体化和协调驱动的转换.
  • 为了比较较重的pnictogen系统与更轻的主组类似物,并讨论它们的应用.

主要方法:

  • 审查和分析不和物种的合成和稳定方面的最新进展.
  • 在基于pnictogen的系统中检查E/Z异体化,双体化和协调驱动的转换.
  • 与较轻的主组对应物比较重的基因分子开关.

主要成果:

  • 较重的基框架,特别是以为基础的框架,表现出超出经典E/Z异构的多种响应行为,包括对金属协调,氧化还原和化学刺激的响应.
  • 在这些系统中,新型的反应模式,如 tautomerism 和联体重组,为结构互转提供了额外的途径.

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  • 整合到分子电机和光响应联体中证明了这些先进的分子开关的实际潜力.

    • 结论:

    • 更重的基分子开关,特别是基于的开关,代表了动态功能材料的分子设计工具包的显著扩展.
    • 这些系统比传统的有机开关具有独特的优势,对更广泛的刺激作出反应,并表现出新的反应性.
    • 需要进一步的研究来解决效率方面的挑战,并充分建立这些系统作为经典分子有机开关的可行替代品.