患有同时出现的自闭症和下值多动症的儿童的临床和认知特征:社会,功能和执行功能障碍
Le-Ran Xue1, Chao-Qun Cen1, Zhi Huang1
1Child Development and Behavior Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
Journal of autism and developmental disorders
|August 20, 2025
概括
患有自闭症谱系障碍和低值注意力缺陷/多动性障碍的儿童在社交,功能和执行功能方面表现出障碍. 这些特征是有维度的, 表明不管有没有正式的ADHD诊断,
科学领域:
- 神经科学
- 儿童心理学
- 发展障碍
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 经常与注意力缺陷/多动症 (ADHD) 的特征同时发生.
- 超过20%的自闭症儿童表现出低于值的ADHD特征,影响临床特征和神经认知.
研究的目的:
- 研究伴随性自闭症和低值多动症儿童的临床特征,执行功能 (EF) 特性和功能影响.
- 在这个人群中检查ADHD症状严重程度与神经认知结果之间的维度关系.
主要方法:
- 对104名儿童 (7-14岁) 进行多模式评估,包括单独的ASD,ASD与下值ADHD,ASD与ADHD,以及典型的发展 (TD) 对照.
- 使用行为测量,基于实验室的EF任务和眼睛跟踪测试.
- 使用群体比较和回归分析来探索症状梯度和EF介导的功能关系.
主要成果:
- 与TD同龄人相比,患有自闭症和低值ADHD的儿童在社交,功能和执行功能方面表现出显著的损害.
- 障碍的严重程度比单独的ASD更明显,但比完全诊断为ADHD的ASD要轻微.
- 在ASD+下值ADHD组中发现了特定的临床特征和EF损伤之间的线性相关性.
结论:
- 通过共享的EF机制将诊断类别连接起来.
- 通过综合症状严重程度和功能障碍,研究结果支持修订ADHD并发症标准.
- 建议对患有自闭症和低值ADHD的儿童优先进行EF准干预,不论正式的ADHD诊断值如何.
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