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在接受ART治疗的艾滋病毒患者的脑内持续的I型干扰素信号
Yuyang Tang1, Ling Xie2, Ciniso Sylvester Shabangu1
1Department of Medicine and UNC HIV Cure Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America.
PLoS pathogens
|August 20, 2025
概括
在接受治疗的HIV患者中,持续的I型干扰素信号可能导致神经炎症和认知问题. 这种免疫通路的激活甚至发生在没有活跃的HIV感染的情况下.
科学领域:
- 神经科学
- 免疫学
- 病毒学
背景情况:
- 神经炎症是艾滋病毒相关的神经认知障碍 (HAND) 的关键因素.
- 即使在有效的抗逆转录病毒疗法 (ART) 中,HAND的精确分子驱动因素仍然不完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 在接受ART治疗的HIV患者中研究神经炎症的分子机制.
- 确定参与HAND发展的特定蛋白质通路.
主要方法:
- 脑组织的蛋白质组分析从PWH与不同的HAND严重性和对照.
- 来自最后的礼物队伍的大脑组织的单细胞RNA测序 (scRNA-seq).
- 在实验室中使用小脑器官对急性HIV感染进行建模.
主要成果:
- 在PWH大脑中发现了增加的免疫反应蛋白,其中很大一部分与I型干扰素 (IFN- I) 信号相关.
- 在脑组织和器官模型中,IFN- I信号特别活跃在星球细胞,微质细胞和内皮细胞中.
- 在恒星细胞中,HERV-W1 Env表达可以独立激活IFN-I信号,即使在ART中也能持续存在.
结论:
- 大脑质细胞和内皮细胞中持续的IFN- I信号与PWH在ART中的神经炎症和认知缺陷有关.
- IFN- I的激活可能是由除了活跃的HIV复制之外的因素引发的,例如HERV- W1.
- 针对IFN-I途径可能是HAND的治疗策略.
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