一种基于波形长短记忆的实时信号方法,用于预测重症监护室的停留时间:开发和评估研究
Yiqun Jiang1, Qing Li1, Wenli Zhang2
1Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering, College of Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States.
JMIR AI
|August 20, 2025
概括
一个新的波形长短记忆 (WT-LSTM) 模型使用实时生命体征准确预测重症监护室 (ICU) 的停留时间. 这种工具有助于有效地分配医疗资源,及时做出临床决策.
科学领域:
- 生物医学信息学
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
- 危急护理医学
背景情况:
- 医疗保健资源的有效分配对于医院运营和减轻财务压力至关重要.
- 有效的重症监护室 (ICU) 管理依赖于准确预测患者停留时间 (LOS).
- 实现早期的,实时的LOS预测在重症监护环境中是一个重大挑战.
研究的目的:
- 开发一种新的预测模型,即波形长期短期记忆 (WT-LSTM) 模型,用于预测ICU停留时间.
- 仅使用实时生命体征数据进行预测,以便在缺乏人口或历史数据的紧急护理场景中应用.
- 提供早期和准确的LOS预测,利用实时的患者监测.
主要方法:
- 集成的离散波形转换 (DWT) 与长短期记忆 (LSTM) 神经网络.
- 采用DWT来过生命信号时间序列的噪音,提高预测准确度.
- 在eICU数据库上评估模型性能,重点关注10个常见的ICU入院诊断.
主要成果:
- 在预测ICU LOS方面,WT-LSTM模型始终优于基线模型 (线性回归,LSTM,BiLSTM).
- 波形变换显著改善了WT-LSTM的性能,平均平方误差降低了3.3%.
- 该模型使用短输入数据窗口 (3-24小时) 显示出强大的预测能力,在某些情况下超过了APACHE IV等现有临床系统.
结论:
- 使用实时生命体征,WT-LSTM模型为ICU LOS预测提供了高度准确和可适应的解决方案.
- WT-LSTM的早期预测能力可以显著提高临床实践和ICU资源优化.
- 该模型支持关键的临床和管理决策,改善整体ICU管理和运营效率.
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