目前面临的挑战和未来的方向对儿童和青少年大脑年龄的预测
Lucy Whitmore1, Dani Beck2,3
1Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA.
Nature communications
|August 20, 2025
概括
大脑年龄预测使用MRI扫描来估计生物年龄,识别年轻人的发育差异. 这一观点强调了在青少年中应用这种神经成像技术的挑战和未来研究方向.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 放射学 放射学是指放射学
背景情况:
- 计算技术和神经成像,特别是磁共振成像 (MRI),已经推进了对人类大脑发育的研究.
- 大脑年龄预测模型从神经成像数据中估计生物年龄,产生大脑年龄差距 (BAG) 作为偏差标记.
- 虽然通常用于成年人,但脑年龄预测越来越多地应用于儿科和青少年群体.
研究的目的:
- 概述将大脑年龄预测框架应用于儿科和青少年样本的关键挑战.
- 为研究人员提供建议,研究青年神经成像数据.
- 建议在发育大脑年龄预测领域的未来研究方向.
主要方法:
- 发展神经科学中关于大脑年龄预测的当前文献的审查和综合.
- 在将成人衍生模型应用于年轻人群体时,分析具体考虑和局限性.
- 识别年轻人独特的方法和解释挑战.
主要成果:
- 在青少年中预测大脑年龄需要仔细考虑发育轨迹和数据异质性.
- 现有的挑战包括模型通用性,数据质量和伦理影响.
- 建议侧重于量身定制的模型开发,纵向研究和强大的验证策略.
结论:
- 在儿童和青少年中应用大脑年龄预测带来了独特的挑战,需要具体的方法适应.
- 需要进一步的研究来完善这些技术,以准确的发展评估.
- 标准化的方法和仔细的解释对于我们利用大脑年龄预测推进对神经发育的理解至关重要.
更多相关视频
10:13Assessment of Age-related Changes in Cognitive Functions Using EmoCogMeter, a Novel Tablet-computer Based Approach
Published on: February 14, 2014
13.8K
09:01A Method for Investigating Age-related Differences in the Functional Connectivity of Cognitive Control Networks Associated with Dimensional Change Card Sort Performance
Published on: May 7, 2014
10.3K
相关概念视频
Cognitive Development During Adolescence
129
During adolescence, individuals experience significant cognitive development that enhances their understanding of others' emotions and thoughts, known as cognitive empathy. This period is marked by an increased ability to adapt to others' perspectives and a more nuanced understanding of others' mental states, a skill that is foundational for social problem-solving and conflict avoidance. The development of cognitive empathy relies heavily on the theory of mind — the...
129
Cognitive Development During Adulthood
267
Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
267
Information Processing Approach
154
The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
154
Revisionist Views of Adolescent and Adult Cognition
99
A revisionist approach to Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development has brought new insights that challenge and reinterpret his established ideas. Piaget proposed that the formal operational stage, emerging in adolescence, represents the culmination of cognitive maturity. During this stage, individuals are said to develop abstract thinking, engage in systematic problem-solving, and show a form of egocentrism, believing others are as preoccupied with their behavior as they are...
99
Aging
181
Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
181
Introduction to Developmental Psychology
516
Developmental psychology explores the changes and continuities in human abilities throughout life, encompassing physical, cognitive, linguistic, and social dimensions. Human development is not restricted to growth, but includes aspects of decline, particularly in physical abilities as individuals age. Developmental psychologists seek to understand how people change as they age and how their mental and social skills evolve.Developmental MilestonesA key concept in developmental psychology is...
516
