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过度诊断和过度治疗:好处还是祸害?
1Assistant Professor, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences & SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India, Corresponding Author.
The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India
|August 21, 2025
概括
现代医学技术有助于早期诊断亚临床瘤和非瘤病变. 然而,过度处理这些通常无害的疾病可能会导致不必要的治疗相关的不良影响.
科学领域:
- 医疗诊断
- 癌症学
- 病理学
背景情况:
- 先进的医疗技术使得早期发现瘤和非瘤病变成为可能.
- 降低疾病定义门将更多的个体重新分类为疾病类别.
- 许多诊断的疾病都是临床前的,
研究的目的:
- 评估早期诊断和扩大疾病定义的影响.
- 对亚临床疾病进行过度治疗的必要性和潜在危害进行评估.
主要方法:
- 对诊断标准和管理准则的审查.
- 对亚临床瘤和非瘤病变患者的结局分析.
- 评估与治疗相关的不良影响.
主要成果:
- 早期诊断经常会发现临床上没有意义的病变.
- 扩大疾病定义导致过度诊断和不必要的干预.
- 无害的亚临床条件的管理导致可避免的不良影响.
结论:
- 临床警至关重要,以避免过度管理亚临床瘤和非瘤病变.
- 目前的诊断和管理模式需要重新评估以防止过度治疗.
- 早期检测与疾病的自然史之间的平衡对于患者的福祉至关重要.
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