产前和儿童不良事件和儿童大脑形态:基于人口的研究
Andrea P Cortes Hidalgo1, Scott W Delaney2, Stavroula A Kourtalidi3
1Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam.
Aperture neuro
|August 21, 2025
概括
儿童的逆境与儿童的大脑体积的缩小有关, 而产前逆境则没有这种联系. 这项大规模人口研究强调了童年累积压力对大脑发育的影响.
科学领域:
- 神经科学
- 发展心理学
- 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 儿童不良经历会影响认知和心理发展.
- 幼年期逆境对儿童大脑形态的影响尚不清楚,对累积影响和小样本大小的研究有限.
- 现有的研究往往集中在单一的不利因素上,需要对累积暴露进行研究.
研究的目的:
- 在一个大群人群中研究累积的产前和儿童逆境与大脑形态之间的关系.
- 检查累积不良事件与特定的大脑结构 (总大脑,灰质,白质,小脑,杏仁体,海马) 之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 采用了2993名R世代儿童的数据 (荷兰鹿特丹).
- 通过怀孕期间 (20-25周) 的母亲报告评估产前不良反应.
- 在孩子10岁时通过母亲的报告评估童年逆境.
- 在10岁时使用磁共振成像 (MRI) 测量大脑形态.
主要成果:
- 累积的产前不适与任何大脑形态结果没有显著关联.
- 每个额外的儿童不良事件都与大脑总体积的0. 07标准偏差下降有关,影响了灰质和白质.
- 儿童时期的逆境与杏仁体或海马体积没有显著的关系.
结论:
- 青春期前的整体脑容量减少与童年时期的逆境有关, 而不是产前的情况.
- 这项研究是第一个大规模,以人口为基础的调查,以前性地将累积的童年逆境与青春期前的大脑形态联系起来.
- 这些发现支持儿童累积逆境与一般儿童大脑形态之间的联系,扩展了先前的高风险样本研究.
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