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对脑电脑接口临床研究和精神疾病应用的知情同意能力评估:系统性审查

Jia-Yue Si¹, Zi-Yan Lin², Di-Ga Gan¹

¹Department of Psychiatry, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.

World journal of psychiatry

|August 21, 2025

概括

评估精神病患者的知情同意能力对于大脑与计算机接口 (BCI) 研究至关重要. 这项研究提出了一个五维框架,用于指导未来的BCI临床试验.

科学领域:

神经科学
精神病学
生物伦理学

背景情况:

脑电脑接口 (BCI) 技术在精神病学应用中正在迅速发展.
评估精神病患者的知情同意能力对于伦理临床研究至关重要.

研究的目的:

分析接受BCI研究的精神病患者的ICC评估.
在精神疾病的BCI临床研究中开发一个多维框架来评估ICC.

主要方法:

对103项涉及六种类型精神疾病的BCI研究中的ICC评估进行了系统审查.
在PubMed,ScienceDirect和Web of Science进行文献搜索,没有日期限制.

主要成果:

执行功能障碍对ICC有重大影响;在精神分裂症和阿尔茨海默病等疾病中,人们注意到处理速度和记忆力缺陷.
在BCI研究中的关键伦理问题包括特异性,脆弱性,自主性,动态ICC,全面性和不确定性.
58项研究详细介绍了国际刑事法院的因素,而45项研究涉及与国际刑事法院相关的伦理问题.

结论:

提出了一个新的五维评估框架 (临床,伦理,社会文化,法律,程序).
这一框架旨在加强未来与精神病患者有关的BCI临床试验的研究.

关键词:

大脑与计算机的接口决策能力经知情同意的权限麦克阿瑟竞争力评估工具精神疾病

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