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社会决定因素与认知,血管健康和身体功能之间的相互关系
Priscilla A Amofa-Ho1, Jacob A Fiala2, Shellie-Anne Levy2
1University of Florida, Department of Clinical and Health Psychology. 12912 USF Health Drive, Suite 1400. Tampa FL 33612.
Alzheimer's & dementia. Behavior & socioeconomics of aging
|August 21, 2025
概括
健康的社会决定因素 (SDoH),如教育和收入,对老年人的认知和身体功能产生重大影响. 这些因素会影响血管负担,从而影响认知能力.
科学领域:
- 老年学
- 公共卫生
- 社会学
背景情况:
- 健康的社会决定因素 (SDoH) 是影响健康结果的关键因素.
- 了解SDoH对与衰老有关的健康的累积影响对于有针对性的干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估各种健康社会决定因素 (SDoH) 对老年人的血管负担,认知功能和身体功能的累积影响.
- 探索SDoH影响健康结果的直接和间接途径.
主要方法:
- 美国中年期 (MIDUS 2) 研究的二次数据分析 (N=568,年龄≥55).
- 测量包括弗雷明汉中风风险概况 (血管负担),通过电话对成人认知进行简要测试 (认知) 和MOS-SF36 (身体功能).
- 使用结构方程建模 (SEM) 来评估SDoH (教育,收入,保险,压力,支持) 和健康结果之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 更高的教育,更低的压力和更高的收入对SDoH综合贡献.
- 阳性SDoH与更好的身体功能 (β=0. 21) 和认知能力 (β=0. 54) 有关.
- SDoH直接影响了血管负担 (β=0. 12) 和认知 (β=0. 51);血管负担影响了认知 (β=0. 28). 在控制血管负担后,SDoH对认知的独特影响仍然显著.
结论:
- 这些发现支持残疾理论,强调SDoH等非疾病因素会影响潜在的疾病过程.
- SDoH在认知功能中起着重要作用,部分由血管负担介导.
- 虽然SDoH影响认知和血管健康,但当考虑血管负担和认知时,它们对身体功能的独特直接影响会减少.
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