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人类影响的自然生态系统导致气候变暖
Ülo Mander1, Jaan Pärn1, Mikk Espenberg1
1Department of Geography, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
Global change biology
|August 21, 2025
概括
温室气体预算忽略了人类间接的影响. 自然生态系统,特别是泥炭地,由于人类活动和气候变化而排放更多的温室气体,需要新的减缓策略.
科学领域:
- 环境科学
- 气候科学
- 生态学
背景情况:
- 目前的温室气体预算未能纳入对自然生态系统的大多数间接人为影响.
- 由于气候变化和人类活动,自然生态系统的二氧化碳 (CO2),甲 (CH4) 和氧化 (N2O) 排放量越来越大.
- 泥炭地对全球土壤碳储存至关重要, 由于气候变暖和人类干预而面临越来越大的压力,
研究的目的:
- 突出人为影响自然生态系统的温室气体流量日益重要.
- 引入和定义"人为排放"的概念,以更全面地了解温室气体来源.
- 强调需要采取缓解措施,以应对自然和人为排放,以有效缓解气候变化.
主要方法:
- 对当前温室气体预算限制的基于前景的分析.
- 使用泥炭地作为案例研究引入"人为排放"概念.
- 审查气候变化对陆地生态系统和碳循环的影响,特别是干旱.
主要成果:
- 人类对自然生态系统的间接影响是温室气体排放的重要来源.
- 来自泥炭地等生态系统的人为排放正在增加, 预计随着气候变暖而增加.
- 干旱是一个主要的威胁, 减少湿地的碳捕获能力, 改变它们的气候调节功能.
结论:
- 在气候变化评估中包括人为排放,需要改变范式.
- 保护和恢复泥炭地,以及森林生态系统的自然化,对于缓解气候变化至关重要.
- 有效的适应策略必须考虑自然生态系统和人为生态系统中的土壤碳捕获.
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