在儿童癌症幸存者中结直肠癌后的死亡率
在PubMed上查看摘要
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。儿童癌症幸存者被诊断为随后患有结直肠癌的死亡风险显著增加. 即使在30岁之前, 早期诊断对于改善这些高风险个体的结果至关重要.
科学领域
- 癌症学
- 癌症生存率研究
- 流行病学
背景情况
- 在儿童癌症幸存者的随后恶性瘤 (SMN) 后的死亡率尚不清楚.
- 结肠直肠癌 (CRC) 是一个重要的后续恶性瘤.
- 在幸存者中早期发病的CRC需要进一步调查.
研究的目的
- 研究患有随后结直肠癌的儿童癌症幸存者的死亡率 (CRC-SMN).
- 将CRC-SMN幸存者,没有CRC的幸存者和CRC的一般人群之间的死亡率进行比较.
- 确定CRC-SMN中的风险因素和与年龄相关的趋势.
主要方法
- 使用了儿童癌症幸存者研究 (CCSS) 和监测,流行病学和最终结果 (SEER) 计划的数据.
- 对25656名儿童癌症幸存者的全因死亡率进行比较,重点是96名CRC-SMN患者.
- 根据诊断时的年龄,先前的放射治疗和对照组的分析死亡率.
主要成果
- 在CCSS幸存者中,到50岁时,CRC-SMN的累积发病率为1.1%.
- 50%的CRC-SMN病例在40岁之前被诊断出来,19%在30岁之前被诊断出来.
- 与没有CRC的幸存者相比,CRC-SMN幸存者的调整后的全因死亡率是3. 34倍.
- 在被诊断为30岁以下的幸存者中,死亡率明显高于一般CRC患者 (HR2. 51).
结论
- 患有大肠直肠癌的儿童癌症幸存者有较高的全因死亡风险.
- 显著比例的CRC-SMN发生在年轻时,强调了早期监测的必要性.
- 这些发现强调了儿童癌症幸存者的长期随访和有针对性的查的重要性.
相关概念视频
Cancer survival analysis focuses on quantifying and interpreting the time from a key starting point, such as diagnosis or the initiation of treatment, to a specific endpoint, such as remission or death. This analysis provides critical insights into treatment effectiveness and factors that influence patient outcomes, helping to shape clinical decisions and guide prognostic evaluations. A cornerstone of oncology research, survival analysis tackles the challenges of skewed, non-normally...
Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
A life table is a statistical tool that summarizes the mortality and survival patterns of a population, providing detailed insights into the likelihood of survival or death across different age intervals within a cohort. By organizing data on survival probabilities and mortality rates, life tables offer a clear snapshot of population dynamics over time. They are extensively used in demography, public health, actuarial science, and ecology to analyze life expectancy, design health interventions,...
The Kaplan-Meier estimator is a non-parametric method used to estimate the survival function from time-to-event data. In medical research, it is frequently employed to measure the proportion of patients surviving for a certain period after treatment. This estimator is fundamental in analyzing time-to-event data, making it indispensable in clinical trials, epidemiological studies, and reliability engineering. By estimating survival probabilities, researchers can evaluate treatment effectiveness,...

