对创伤后应激障碍的积极查:检查公共安全人员避免的作用
Robyn E Shields1, Terence M Keane2, Blake A E Boehme3
1Department of Psychology, Psychological Trauma and Stress Systems Lab, Faculty of Arts, University of Regina.
Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy
|August 21, 2025
概括
由于PCL-5检查清单中的避免标准,公共安全人员 (PSP) 可能不会对创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 进行积极查. 修订可以改善这一群体中PTSD的识别.
科学领域:
- 精神病学
- 心理学
- 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 公共安全人员 (PSP) 经常使用DSM-5 (PCL-5) 的PTSD检查清单检查创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD).
- 现有研究表明,由于工作要求,PCL-5的避免标准的局限性可能导致PSP,特别是护理人员的PTSD不足.
- 这项研究扩展了先前的研究,通过对更大,更多样化的PSP和普通人群进行调查.
研究的目的:
- 调查PCL-5规避项对PSP大样本和一般人群中PTSD查准确性的影响.
- 确定特定的PSP部门是否受到PCL-5规避标准的不成比例影响.
- 为公共安全职业对PTSD查工具的潜在修订提供信息.
主要方法:
- 在不同PSP部门和一般人群中计算了阳性PTSD查的流行率.
- 通过删除单个症状集群的要求来比较PTSD查的患病率,重点是避免标准.
- 使用来自5813名PSP和2631名普通人口的大型数据集.
主要成果:
- 删除避开标准在整体PSP样本中显著增加了阳性PTSD查 (p = .03).
- 特定的PSP群体,包括惩戒工作者,消防员,护理人员和加拿大皇家骑兵警察,在删除避开物品时显示出更多的阳性选 (所有p < .05).
- 当避免标准被删除时,市政/省级警察和公共安全通讯员没有显示出正面查的显著增加.
结论:
- 由于职业要求,PCL-5的避免项目可能会不准确地限制PSP的PTSD识别,与一般人口查形成鲜明对比.
- 据估计,在加拿大,美国和澳大利亚,约有2%的PSP (约有10万个人) 目前可能会经历PTSD症状,但没有检查结果呈阳性.
- 修订PCL-5以更好地捕捉特定于PSP的回避行为可以提高对这一群体的准确识别和支持.
相关概念视频
Post-traumatic Stress Disorder
114
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric condition that arises following exposure to traumatic events such as natural disasters, forced displacement, or severe accidents. It significantly impairs individuals' ability to cope with daily activities and disrupts their emotional and psychological equilibrium.
Symptoms and Behavioral Manifestations
A spectrum of distressing symptoms characterizes PTSD. Recurrent flashbacks, where individuals involuntarily relive traumatic events,...
Symptoms and Behavioral Manifestations
A spectrum of distressing symptoms characterizes PTSD. Recurrent flashbacks, where individuals involuntarily relive traumatic events,...
114
Avoidance Learning and Learned Helplessness
1.9K
Avoidance learning and learned helplessness are critical concepts in understanding behavioral responses to negative stimuli.
Avoidance learning occurs when an organism learns that a specific behavior can prevent an unpleasant outcome. For example, a student who receives a bad grade may start studying harder to avoid future poor grades. This behavior persists even when the negative outcome is no longer present. Avoidance learning is powerful because it maintains behavior in the absence of the...
Avoidance learning occurs when an organism learns that a specific behavior can prevent an unpleasant outcome. For example, a student who receives a bad grade may start studying harder to avoid future poor grades. This behavior persists even when the negative outcome is no longer present. Avoidance learning is powerful because it maintains behavior in the absence of the...
1.9K
Preparedness and Phobias
149
Human fear responses to certain stimuli, such as darkness, heights, deep water, and blood, can often arise despite the absence of direct negative experiences. This phenomenon is rooted in evolutionary psychology, which posits that humans have developed a predisposition to fear stimuli that historically posed significant survival threats. This predisposition, known as preparedness, suggests that early humans who developed a fear of potentially dangerous entities, such as venomous snakes and...
149
Personality Disorders: Paranoid and Schizoid
169
Personality disorders represent enduring cognition, affect, and behavior patterns that significantly deviate from societal norms. These maladaptive traits often lead to difficulties in various domains, including interpersonal relationships, occupational settings, and overall psychological well-being. Paranoid personality disorder and schizoid personality disorder are two distinct conditions marked by odd or eccentric behavior.
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Paranoid personality disorder is...
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Paranoid personality disorder is...
169
Personality Disorders: Narcissistic and Avoidant
183
Narcissistic and avoidant personality traits represent two contrasting patterns of behavior that significantly influence social interactions and self-perception. While individuals with narcissistic disorder seek admiration and validation, individuals with avoidant personality disorder withdraw due to fear of judgment.
Characteristics of Narcissistic Personality Disorder
Narcissistic individuals exhibit an inflated sense of self-importance and an excessive need for admiration. They are often...
Characteristics of Narcissistic Personality Disorder
Narcissistic individuals exhibit an inflated sense of self-importance and an excessive need for admiration. They are often...
183
Behavior Therapy
106
Behavior therapy incorporates diverse techniques rooted in classical conditioning principles to address maladaptive behaviors and anxiety disorders. These methods aim to reduce avoidance behaviors, foster adaptive coping mechanisms, and alter associations between stimuli and responses, making them effective in a wide range of therapeutic contexts.
Exposure therapy is a cornerstone of behavioral treatment for anxiety disorders. It involves systematic exposure to feared stimuli, either in real...
Exposure therapy is a cornerstone of behavioral treatment for anxiety disorders. It involves systematic exposure to feared stimuli, either in real...
106


