约旦妇女对乳房扫描的认识和信仰:横截面研究
Ahmad Shaker Abuabed1, Hana Taha2,3, Luz María Garcia-Valdes1
1Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
JMIR public health and surveillance
|August 21, 2025
概括
低乳腺癌 (BC) 知识和对乳房扫描的负面看法阻碍了约旦妇女的早期检测. 针对性的教育干预对于解决文化和宗教因素以及提高查率至关重要.
科学领域:
- 癌症学
- 公共卫生
- 健康行为
背景情况:
- 乳腺癌是全球女性癌症死亡的主要原因.
- 由于认知,心理和行为障碍, 约旦妇女的乳房扫描率较低.
- 了解这些障碍对于开发有效的早期检测干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估约旦40岁及以上女性对乳腺癌的认识和查信念.
- 将健康信念模型 (HBM) 作为理解这些因素的框架.
- 确定影响这一人口群体参与乳房检查的关键障碍.
主要方法:
- 在约旦一家公立医院对405名妇女进行了横截面研究.
- 通过使用经过验证的阿拉伯语问卷采访收集数据.
- 用描述性统计和MANOVA分析社会人口统计数据,BC知识和健康信念.
主要成果:
- 参与者对乳腺癌的了解很低 (平均分数为5. 80/12) 以及对乳腺癌的健康观念.
- 对于感知到的好处 (2.59/5),感知到的障碍 (2.48/5),和健康动机 (2.51/5),观察到的得分较低.
- 年龄和教育水平与BC知识和乳房检查信念有显著相关性 (P<.001). 常见的障碍包括缺乏知识 (72.8%),文化信仰 (63%) 和宗教因素 (29.4%).
结论:
- 在约旦40岁以上的女性中, 乳腺癌知识和乳房检查信仰存在显著差距.
- 需要量身定制,文化敏感的教育干预措施来解决特定的障碍.
- 医疗保健提供者和政策制定者必须优先制定改善约旦乳房检查实践的战略.
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