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相关概念视频

Somatosensation01:33

Somatosensation

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The somatosensory system relays sensory information from the skin, mucous membranes, limbs, and joints. Somatosensation is more familiarly known as the sense of touch. A typical somatosensory pathway includes three types of long neurons: primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary neurons have cell bodies located near the spinal cord in groups of neurons called dorsal root ganglia. The sensory neurons of ganglia innervate designated areas of skin called dermatomes.
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Updated: Sep 10, 2025

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截肢前和之后的稳定皮质体图

Hunter R Schone1,2,3,4, Roni O Maimon-Mor5,6,7, Mathew Kollamkulam5,8

  • 1Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, UK. schonehunter@gmail.com.

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概括

成人大脑的可塑性是有争议的. 这项研究发现,即使在截肢5年后, 手和嘴唇的脑图也保持稳定, 显示大规模的皮质重组没有发生.

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科学领域:

  • 神经科学
  • 神经成像
  • 大脑的可塑性

背景情况:

  • 大人的大脑在受伤后重新组织 (皮质可塑性) 的能力,如截肢,尚未完全理解.
  • 之前的研究提供了相互矛盾的证据, 关于失去肢体后大脑的重组程度.

研究的目的:

  • 研究成年人手臂截肢后的皮质重组.
  • 为了比较截肢前和截肢后的手和嘴唇活动模式.

主要方法:

  • 使用长度神经成像 (fMRI或类似的).
  • 在截肢前和截肢5年后对3名成年参与者进行扫描.
  • 在试图移动完整的手/幻手和嘴唇时测量皮质活动.

主要成果:

  • 在手部和唇部的皮质表现保持稳定.
  • 活动变化的直接量化证实没有显著的大规模皮质重组.
  • 随着时间的推移,与幻肢和唇部运动相关的大脑活动模式是一致的.

结论:

  • 成年人的大脑在皮质表现上表现出了显著的稳定性,
  • 大规模的皮质重组不是成年人手臂截肢的必然结果.
  • 传感运动皮质图显示了截肢后长时间的弹性和稳定性.