使用可解释机器学习技术的集成多任务深度学习框架优化和预测基于飞灰的可持续混凝土的性能
Bhupesh P Nandurkar1, Jayant M Raut1, Pawan K Hinge1
1Department of Civil Engineering, Yeshwantrao Chavan College of Engineering, Nagpur, 441110, Maharashtra, India.
Scientific reports
|August 21, 2025
概括
这项研究引入了一种混合人工智能模型,用于准确预测混凝土的强度,其中包括飞灰. 这种可解释的模型通过提供明确的强度因素来提高建筑安全性和材料设计.
科学领域:
- 材料科学与工程
- 土木工程
- 建筑中的人工智能
背景情况:
- 准确的混凝土强度预测对于建筑安全和质量保证至关重要.
- 现有的方法往往在准确性和可解释性之间做出妥协,特别是使用飞等补充材料.
- 需要能够处理复杂组合设计和环境因素的可解释模型.
研究的目的:
- 开发一个高度准确和可解释的混合模型来预测混凝土的压力和拉力强度.
- 在多任务学习 (MTL) 框架中整合混合设计变量,环境因素和非破坏性测试 (NDT) 数据.
- 利用先进的机器学习技术提高预测准确性和模型可解释性.
主要方法:
- 结合梯度增强 (XGBoost) 和深度神经网络 (DNN) 的混合方法被采用.
- 在多任务学习 (MTL) 框架内使用AutoGluon进行自动化模型优化.
- 使用SHAP (夏普利添加式解释) 和LIME (局部可解释的模型不可知解释) 来实现解释性.
主要成果:
- 该模型在测试中获得了0.91的令人印象深刻的R2分数.
- 平均平方误差 (MSE) 降低了23%,超过现有模型.
- 功能分析表明,飞灰的百分比对预测有很大影响,约占25%.
结论:
- 拟议的混合模型为可解释的混凝土强度预测提供了一个强大的平台.
- 这些发现显示了混合建模,自动化优化和具体应用的可解释性方面的重大进步.
- 这项工作为优化材料设计和确保建筑结构完整性提供了很大的希望.
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