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对入料养的小牛生长起着至关重要的作用
Masoumeh Eghtedari1, Amin Khezri1, Mehdi Kazemi-Bonchenari2
1Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman 76169-1-3439, Iran.
Animal nutrition (Zhongguo xu mu shou yi xue hui)
|August 22, 2025
概括
在小牛料中添加料有助于增长,但足够的 (P) 是至关重要的. 增加P到0.8%的料可以提高营养消化能力,微生物蛋白质合成和小牛的表现,特别是当料含有P酸盐时.
科学领域:
- 动物科学
- 食动物的营养
- 牛奶牛的管理
背景情况:
- 在初始饮食中添加料有助于小牛的反发育,但可以减少初始饮食的摄入量和生长.
- 减少的表现可能源于未成熟的反动物微生物群利用料的能力有限.
- (P) 对于微生物活动至关重要,但它与幼的食纤维的相互作用尚未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 调查饮食中有限的P可用性导致料补充的小牛的摄入量和表现降低的假设.
- 评估料养水平 (没有草与草) 和P水平 (0.4%与0.8%) 对小牛的生长,营养消化,反动物发酵和微生物蛋白质合成的影响.
主要方法:
- 48只荷尔斯泰因小牛接受了四种治疗:没有草,P值为0.4% (NAH-0.4P),没有草,P值为0.8% (NAH-0.8P),草,P值为0.4% (AH-0.4P),草,P值为0.8% (AH-0.8P).
- 从断奶前 (d3-53) 到断奶后 (d54-73) 的时间里进行养.
- 测量包括生长性能,营养消化能力,反发酵参数和尿衍生物分泌作为MPS的指标.
主要成果:
- 用0.8%P (AH-0.8P) 食草的小牛在断奶前的初始摄入量最高,断奶后和研究结束时的平均每日增长,体重和身高均有所改善.
- 与0. 4%的P相比,0. 8%的P水平增加了有机物和中性洗剂纤维的消化能力,增强了总短链脂肪酸的产生,并减少了食氨和尿的分泌.
- 草增加了小酸盐,降低了酸盐,并且倾向于降低酸盐和增加断奶前的pH值;AH-0.8P表明改善了MPS.
结论:
- 在初始饮食中添加料有很大的潜力提高年轻奶牛的生长性能.
- 目前推的0.45%左右的食P含量可能不足以达到最佳的纤维消化率,MPS和生长,特别是以料为基础的高酸P的初始食品.
- 补充P到0.8%的初始饮食对年轻小牛有益,特别是当包括料时.
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