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护士应对新出现的传染病的公共卫生应急能力的现状:一个横截面研究
Qin Qiu1,2, Yuntong Liu1, Fanping Meng2,3
1School of Nursing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
Frontiers in public health
|August 22, 2025
概括
北京三级医院的护士对新兴传染病 (EID) 的应对能力中等,在认知和理论知识方面存在重大差距. 救援经验和医院分类是影响他们应急能力的关键因素.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生
- 护理工作
- 传染病管理
背景情况:
- 疫情后的时代需要对医疗保健专业人员对新出现的传染病 (EID) 的准备做出强有力的评估.
- 了解护士目前的公共卫生应急响应能力对于加强国家卫生安全至关重要.
- 北京的三级医院作为管理EID的关键中心,需要高技能护理人员.
研究的目的:
- 评估北京三级医院护士目前的公共卫生应急响应能力.
- 在疫情后的背景下确定与护士应急响应能力相关的缺陷和影响因素.
- 提供基于数据的建议,以改善护理人员对未来EID爆发的准备.
主要方法:
- 在北京三所高等医院的1484名注册护士中进行了一项调查,采用了验证的问卷 (Cronbach的α=0.982).
- 数据分析涉及非参数测试 (曼-惠特尼U,克鲁斯卡尔-瓦利斯) 和多重线性回归.
- 这项研究评估了护士在认知能力,理论知识,处置能力和临床技能等方面的能力.
主要成果:
- 总共分析了1446份有效问卷,显示整体应急响应能力得分中等 (中位数=177).
- 在能力层面上观察到显著的差异,认知和理论知识得分最低.
- 临床作用,医院分类和救援经验与应急响应能力有显著关联,救援经验是关键预测因素.
结论:
- 护士对EID的公共卫生应急响应能力中等但不平衡,强调需要有针对性的干预.
- 建议加强培训的理论知识和认知方面,并培养专门的EID护士.
- 优化培训,加强组织激励,促进领导模式对于改善护士在未来公共卫生紧急情况的表现至关重要.
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