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在10公里开水游泳比赛中使用关键游泳速度评估比赛节奏

Yasunori Fujito¹, Tomomi Fujimoto², Reira Hara³

¹Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Osaka Sangyo University, Osaka 574-0013, Japan.

Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology

|August 22, 2025

概括

顶级的游泳者通过在92%的临界速度 (CS) 上游泳来保持速度. 排名较低的游泳者疲劳,速度下降,表明%CS是识别开放水域游泳人才的关键绩效指标.

科学领域:

运动科学
生理学
游泳表现分析

背景情况:

从游泳池时间估计开放水泳比赛时间有助于人才识别和培训.
这项研究比较了2023年男子10公里比赛中精英游泳者和其他游泳者的OWS表现指标.

研究的目的:

在OWS比赛中分析不同性能组的游泳速度,冲击频率 (SF) 和冲击长度 (SL).
评估临界速度 (CS) 和OWS性能之间的关系.
确定%CS是否是评估OWS运动表现的有用指标.

主要方法:

六十五名游泳运动员按终点位置 (G1-G4) 分组.
记录了一圈一圈的游泳速度,SF和SL.
临界速度 (CS) 是根据泳池400米,800米和1500米自由式个人最佳时间来确定的.
计算了相对于CS的游泳速度 (%CS).

主要成果:

精英游泳者 (G1) 保持速度 (~1.5 m/s) 在CS的92.7%,用更长的冲动和更低的频率.
排名较低的组 (G3,G4) 从第一圈到第六圈的速度显著下降 (%CS从~97%降至~85%).
较低组的速度下降与对无氧代谢的依赖增加相关.

结论:

在OWS比赛中保持大约92%的关键速度 (CS) 对于精英的表现至关重要.
%CS指标可以有效估计开放水域游泳的运动表现水平.
节奏策略和生理效率是OWS的关键区别因素.

关键词:

耐力表现长途游泳性能预测生理强度

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