用T细胞治疗与病毒相关的疾病
Corey Smith1,2, Rajiv Khanna1,2
1Queensland Immunology Research Centre and Inflammation and Infection Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.
Clinical microbiology reviews
|August 22, 2025
概括
采用T细胞疗法为面临病毒感染的移植患者提供了抗病毒药物的有希望的替代方案. 这种使用病毒特异性T细胞 (VST) 的方法显示出有效性,并有可能在免疫功能低下的患者中得到更广泛的应用.
科学领域:
- 免疫学
- 移植医学
- 病毒学
背景情况:
- 病毒感染对实体器官移植 (SOT) 和造血干细胞移植 (HSCT) 接受者构成重大风险.
- 传统的抗病毒药物有其局限性,包括毒性,成本和耐药性,往往导致治疗失败.
研究的目的:
- 对移植患者的病毒相关并发症采用T细胞治疗的历史基础和最近的进展进行审查.
- 突出病毒特异性T细胞作为抗病毒药物的替代品的潜力.
主要方法:
- 对移植环境中病毒感染的细胞免疫疗法的现有文献的审查.
- 讨论产生多种病毒特异性T细胞的新技术.
- 探索患者分层的免疫监测工具.
主要成果:
- 在接受HSCT和SOT的患者中,采用VST转移已证明有效控制病毒复制.
- 新技术可以从健康的捐赠者中快速生成多种病毒特异性T细胞,从而扩大治疗选择.
- 免疫监测可以识别有针对性的干预的高风险患者.
结论:
- 采用T细胞治疗是一种可行且潜在的预防策略,用于治疗免疫功能低下的移植患者的病毒感染.
- 这种方法可以替代传统的抗病毒药物,减少不良影响.
- 在VST生成和免疫监测方面的进步提高了细胞疗法的适用性和有效性.
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