在自然灾害中流离失所的成年人中出现抑郁和焦虑症状
Ther W Aung1,2, Kari O'Donnell1,2, Susan De Luca1,2
1Population Health and Equity Research Institute, The MetroHealth System, Cleveland, Ohio.
JAMA network open
|August 22, 2025
概括
在美国成年人中增加了抑郁和焦虑症状. 长时间的流离失所,尤其是从未返回家园, 增加了这些心理健康风险,
科学领域:
- 公共卫生
- 心理健康研究
- 灾难流行病学
背景情况:
- 大规模灾难造成的精神健康后果仍然很大程度上不明.
- 了解这些结果对于有效的灾害管理和恢复战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查抑郁和焦虑症状与自然灾害造成的流离失所之间的联系.
- 检查流离失所的时间如何影响心理健康.
主要方法:
- 一项利用美国人口普查局家庭脉冲调查数据 (2022年12月至2023年10月) 的横断研究.
- 通过验证的两项问卷来评估抑郁和焦虑.
- 分析了超过1.83亿美国成年人的数据,
主要成果:
- 超过一周的转移与显著更高的抑郁和焦虑率有关.
- 增加流离失所时间与心理健康症状的增加相关.
- 没有回家的人患抑郁和焦虑症状的几率最高.
- 在社会上脆弱的人群中,这些症状的发生率更高.
结论:
- 美国成年人的抑郁和焦虑症状增加.
- 随着流离失所时间的延长, 风险越来越大, 永久流离失所者的风险达到顶峰.
- 特别是在受灾害影响的社会弱势群体中,迫切需要对心理健康提供支持.
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