理想的血压是否因认知领域而异? 英国生物库研究
Matthew J Lennon1,2, Jan Willem Van Dalen3, Jessica W Lo1
1Centre For Healthy Brain Aging (CHeBA), Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Level 1, AGSM (G27), University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia.
Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.)
|August 22, 2025
概括
血压对认知功能有非线性影响. 高血压和低血压都会增加认知能力下降的风险,最佳水平因认知能力而异. 某些群体,比如老年男性,更容易受到低血压的影响.
科学领域:
- 神经科学
- 心血管健康
- 老年学
背景情况:
- 高血压是认知能力下降的已知危险因素.
- 新兴研究表明非线性关系,高血压和低血压都可能与认知风险增加有关.
- 了解这些复杂的关联对于公共卫生战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查静缩血压 (SBP) 和静缩血压 (DBP) 与认知功能之间的非线性关系.
- 要确定这些非线性关系是否在不同的认知领域有所不同:流体智力,注意力和反应时间.
- 检查年龄,性别和高血压史等因素如何改变血压与认知之间的联系.
主要方法:
- 使用了来自英国生物库研究的数据,其中包括439,301名参与者.
- 使用自然线的非线性混合效应回归模型来分析基线BP和认知测量.
- 在基线和随着时间的推移评估认知功能,分析与人口和临床因素的轨迹和相互作用.
主要成果:
- 在基线SBP和所有认知领域 (流动智力,注意力,反应时间) 之间发现了显著的反转U形关系.
- 对每个认知领域确定了不同的最佳SBP水平 (例如,流体智力118 mmHg,注意力127.5 mmHg).
- 观察到DBP与流动智力和注意力的非线性关联,具有不同的最佳水平. 较高的基线SBP显示出与注意力轨迹的轻微反向关联.
结论:
- 血压与认知功能之间的关系是非线性的,最佳水平在认知领域有所不同.
- 老年人,男性和未经治疗的高血压患者可能更容易受到低血压的不良认知影响.
- 这些发现强调了在认知健康评估中考虑血压变化和个体因素的重要性.
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