空间和社会认知共同确定多模式示范参考:土耳其和西班牙的实验证据
Paula Rubio-Fernandez1, Madeleine Long2, Asli Özyürek1
1Multimodal Language Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
Cognition
|August 22, 2025
概括
像"这个"和"那个"这样的示范词取决于位置和社交线索, 指出手势也会影响表达的选择,
科学领域:
- 语言学
- 认知科学
- 心理语言学
背景情况:
- 演示性术语是普遍的语言特征,传统上被视为纯粹的空间特征.
- 最近的研究表明,社会认知因素也影响了示范性选择.
- 多模式沟通,包括指针等手势,可能在示范系统中发挥作用.
研究的目的:
- 提供实验证据,证明选择是由空间和社会认知因素决定的.
- 研究指着手势对示范性选择的影响.
- 将土耳其语和西班牙语的示范系统进行比较,以了解跨语言的变化.
主要方法:
- 一个使用图片和视频刺激的在线实验,
- 在西班牙语中使用类似的刺激和任务进行比较实验.
- 与参考人接近,听众注意力和扬声器指向相关的示范性使用的分析.
主要成果:
- 在土耳其语中,当听众注意力需要重定向时,最好使用中间示意词"şu",而"bu" (近距离) 和"o" (远距离) 则分别用于近距离和远距离空间,特别是在没有指针的情况下.
- 在土耳其语中,用手指指向会更好地表达"şu".
- 西班牙的示范性使用模式不同,以"ese" (中介) 作为联合注意力,而"este" (近距离) 和"aquel" (远距离) 用于引导注意力,独立于指向.
结论:
- 演示性选择是空间信息的复杂相互作用,听众的注意力状态,以及使用手势,如指针.
- 演示性的语言系统在整合这些因素方面表现出显著的跨语言差异.
- 结果支持加权参数框架,解释了简单的分类区别之外的示范性选择.
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