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重新定义甲状腺结节的评估:人口统计,误导性症状和诊断挑战. 多中心研究的见解

Laura Croce¹, Rosaria Maddalena Ruggeri², Marsida Teliti¹

¹Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Laboratory for Endocrine Disruptors, 27100 Pavia, Italy.

Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists

|August 22, 2025

概括

三分之一的甲状腺结节 (TNs) 是由于症状而发现的,但只有部质量表现出明显的特征. 其他症状,如消化不良并非特异性的,建议小心进行甲状腺超声波检查.

科学领域:

内分泌学
放射学
耳鼻喉科

背景情况:

甲状腺超声波对于诊断甲状腺结节性疾病至关重要.
转诊往往是基于非特异性症状,如食障碍或部质量.
这些转诊的临床价值仍有争议.

研究的目的:

评估因局部症状引起的甲状腺超声波与偶然发现的临床效用.
将症状性甲状腺结节 (STNs) 与非症状性结节 (nSTNs) 的特征和结果进行比较.

主要方法:

在614名通过US诊断的甲状腺结节 (TNs) 患者进行的回顾性多中心研究.
患者被分为有症状 (部质量[NM]或局部症状[LS]) 和无症状组.
分析了临床,超声波和管理数据.

主要成果:

有症状的TN占病例的28. 7% (19. 2%为NM, 9. 5%为LS).
部质量患者的人口结构较年轻,囊较大,FNA更频繁,但恶性瘤发病率相似.
局部症状患者没有显著的结节差异,但GERD的患病率较高.

结论:

只有部质量表现出明显的结节特征.
缺食症和听力障碍是非特异性的症状,通常与GERD有关,而不是TNs.
临床怀疑,结节的特征和位置应指导美国的决定,以防止过度使用.

关键词:

消化不良症精细针吸收活检 (FNAB)胃食道反流症 (GERD)子质量甲状腺超声波甲状腺结节

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