婴儿积极反应的跨文化相似之处和差异
Helen Wefers1, Nils Schuhmacher1, Joscha Kärtner1
1Department of Psychology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
概括
婴儿的积极影响很早就显示出文化差异,德国婴儿在3个月时比厄瓜多尔婴儿表现出更多. 这些差异减少了4.5个月,
科学领域:
- 发展心理学
- 跨文化心理学
- 婴儿的情绪发展
背景情况:
- 文化民族理论塑造了父母的互动和婴儿的情感经验.
- 幼儿期是情绪调节和表达能力发展的关键时期.
- 了解婴儿情感的跨文化差异,可以了解大自然与抚养的相互作用.
研究的目的:
- 调查幼儿期积极情感发展的跨文化差异.
- 检查文化民族理论对婴儿情感反应的影响.
- 探索文化差异的发展轨迹,
主要方法:
- 一个受控的实验室研究涉及快乐的情感引起的双向相互作用.
- 参与者包括来自德国城市 (斯特) 和厄瓜多尔农村 (基奇瓦土著家庭) 的3个月和4.5个月大的婴儿.
- 评估了婴儿对高强度刺激的情感反应.
主要成果:
- 在3个月后, 慕尼黑的婴儿表现出较高的积极影响强度.
- 在4. 5个月后,积极影响反应的跨文化差异没有出现.
- 这些发现补充了对婴儿积极影响的发展连续性的自然主义研究.
结论:
- 婴儿积极影响的跨文化差异很早就出现了,但在几个月内可能会减少.
- 文化导向的父母与婴儿的交互和生物倾向之间的动态相互作用塑造了婴儿的情感发展.
- 幼儿期的特点是普遍的发育模式和特定文化情感表达的变化.
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