在观看电影时,自闭症成年人的社会推断大脑网络:功能专业化和异质性
Jasmin M Turner1, Lisa Byrge2, Hilary Richardson3
1Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, The University of Iowa, 340 Iowa Avenue, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
Molecular autism
|August 22, 2025
概括
与神经典型个体相比,自闭症成年人在思维理论 (ToM) 网络中表现出更为多样化的脑反应. 共感网络受到的影响较小,这表明自闭症的社会推断处理有特定的差异.
科学领域:
- 神经科学
- 心理学
- 自闭症研究
背景情况:
- 社会推断困难是自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的特征.
- 目前尚不清楚自闭症中心智理论和同理心是否受到类似或不同的影响.
- 不同的大脑网络参与了ToM和同理心,但它们在自闭症中的功能尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 在自闭症成年人中调查ToM和Pain网络的功能专业化,异质性和大脑行为关系.
- 假设在ASD中ToM网络的功能连接差异和异质性增加.
- 在自闭症患者的疼痛网络中预期相对相似的反应.
主要方法:
- 使用功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 对107名成年人 (34名自闭症患者,73名神经类型患者).
- 参与者被动地观看电影,
- 分析包括网络连接,学科间相关性和大脑行为关系.
主要成果:
- 在两组中,ToM和Pain网络的功能专业化通常完好无损.
- 自闭症成年人表现出不同的ToM网络反应,与神经类型反应相似度降低.
- 在自闭症组中,网络反应更具特异性和异质性,对TOM有不同的大脑行为关系.
结论:
- 在ToM网络中发现差异性反应比自闭症中的同理心网络要大.
- 结果与自闭症的同理心失衡假设一致.
- 需要进一步的研究来复制,概括和扩展发现,考虑到自闭症异质性.
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