乳腺癌免疫疗法:一个团队科学方法
Max Duesberg1, Alexis LeVee2, Hannah Chang2
1Department of Internal Medicine, Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, San Jose, CA, USA.
Cancer treatment and research
|August 23, 2025
概括
免疫疗法,包括免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI),正在改变乳腺癌治疗,尤其是三阴性乳腺癌 (TNBC). 研究表明ICI可以改善转移性和早期TNBC的存活率,目前正在进行研究,探索新的策略和生物标志物.
科学领域:
- 癌症学
- 免疫学
- 医学研究
背景情况:
- 免疫疗法显著改善了乳腺癌的治疗,尤其是三阴性亚型 (TNBC).
- TNBC具有高瘤突变负担和PD-L1表达等特征,使其对免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 产生反应.
- 已建立的临床试验已导致特定TNBC环境中的ICI获得监管批准.
研究的目的:
- 审查免疫疗法在乳腺癌治疗中的当前影响和未来方向.
- 突出免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 在三阴性乳腺癌 (TNBC) 的疗效.
- 讨论乳腺癌免疫治疗中的新兴策略,生物标志物和毒性管理.
主要方法:
- 评估乳腺癌中的ICI的关键临床试验 (例如,KEYNOTE-355,KEYNOTE-522).
- 促进免疫治疗反应的TNBC特征的分析.
- 探索正在进行的新型免疫治疗方法和预测生物标志物的研究.
主要成果:
- 添加pembrolizumab (一种ICI) 于化疗改善了转移性TNBC与PD- L1表达的无进展和整体存活率.
- 新辅助化疗加上ICI现在是早期TNBC (II-III阶段) 的标准治疗方法,改善了病理完整反应和无事件存活率.
- 免疫治疗对HER2阳性和激素受体阳性/ HER2阴性乳腺癌的疗效正在积极研究中.
结论:
- 免疫疗法,特别是ICI,已成为治疗各种乳腺癌亚型,特别是TNBC的基石.
- 未来的方向包括探索新的组合,细胞疗法,疫苗和先进的生物标志物以进行个性化治疗.
- 在乳腺癌治疗中,以生物标志物为指导的多学科方法对于优化免疫治疗结果和管理毒性至关重要.
相关概念视频
Tumor Immunotherapy
660
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
660
Cancer Vaccines
509
Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
509
Targeted Cancer Therapies
7.8K
The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
7.8K
Cancer Therapies
7.9K
Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
7.9K
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine
5.1K
Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
5.1K
Treatment Resistant Cancers
3.4K
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
3.4K


