妇女怀孕前的生活方式干预 - 干预特征和行为改变技术的系统审查和元分析
Sophia Torkel1, Evangeline Mantzioris2, Anthony Villani3
1Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.
Human reproduction update
|August 23, 2025
概括
优化孕前生活方式干预可以改善生育结果. 结构化,密集的计划, 特别是那些旨在减肥和面对面的分娩, 显示出改善母亲健康的希望.
科学领域:
- 生殖健康
- 母亲健康
- 生活方式医学
背景情况:
- 孕前期对于改善母亲的生活方式,生育能力和整体健康至关重要.
- 有效的孕前生活方式干预需要明确的组件来最大限度地发挥效益.
研究的目的:
- 评估干预特征和行为改变技术如何影响生活方式干预对计划怀孕的妇女生育和健康结果的有效性.
- 确定未来预孕生活方式干预的最佳组件.
主要方法:
- 从多个数据库中确定了24项随机对照试验 (7795名女性) 的系统审查和随机效应元分析.
- 分析包括基于参与者和干预特征的子组分析 (TIDieR框架) 和行为变化技术 (行为变化分类学v1).
- 评估可信度,偏差风险 (科克兰偏差风险2.0) 和证据确定性 (GRADE).
主要成果:
- 在临床怀孕或活产率与生活方式干预没有显著差异.
- 通过10次以上的干预和"添加对象到环境中"的行为改变技术观察到更高的临床怀孕几率.
- 生活方式干预显著降低体重 (平均差异: - 3. 87公斤) 和禁食血糖 (平均差异: - 0. 15毫米).
- 具有特定减肥目标的干预措施和仅面对面的干预措施与更大的体重减轻有关.
结论:
- 结构化,密集的预孕生活方式干预可以提高生育结果.
- 这些干预措施有效降低体重,面对面的分娩和减肥重点产生更好的结果.
- 来自小组分析的结果应谨慎解释;未来的干预措施应考虑患者的偏好和实用性.
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