成长的防御:miRNA转录因子模块的作用
1School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200240, China.
Trends in plant science
|August 23, 2025
概括
植物通过与年龄相关的抗性 (ARR) 来平衡生长和防御. 微RNA转录因子模块切换防御路径,优化作物工程的资源分配.
科学领域:
- 植物生物学
- 分子遗传学
- 发育生物学
背景情况:
- 植物表现出与年龄相关的耐药性 (ARR),青少年优先增长,成年人优先防御.
- 微RNA (miRNA) - 转录因子 (TF) 网络作为调节年龄相关生理变化的分子开关.
- 在植物生命阶段有效地分配资源对于生存和产量至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 阐明植物与年龄相关的抗药性 (ARR) 背后的分子机制.
- 研究微RNA (miRNA) 转录因子 (TF) 模块在调节植物生长和防御中的作用.
- 通过增强的,适合年龄的防御策略来确定工程作物的目标.
主要方法:
- 分析不同植物发育阶段的miRNA和TF表达模式.
- 使用遗传和分子技术对关键miRNA-TF相互作用进行功能验证.
- 对年轻植物与成年植物的资源分配策略进行比较研究.
主要成果:
- 年轻植物优先考虑生长,而成年植物表现出高度的免疫反应,与ARR一致.
- 特定的miRNA-TF模块被确定为关键调节剂,抑制年轻植物的防御通路,并在成熟植物中激活它们.
- 这些调节网络在整个植物生命周期中在生长和防御之间优化了资源的分配.
结论:
- 植物与年龄相关的耐药性 (ARR) 是由复杂的miRNA-TF调控模块控制的.
- 这些分子开关是平衡增长和防御的关键, 优化资源配置.
- 了解这些网络为开发具有改善的特定阶段耐药性的作物提供了新的目标.
相关概念视频
02:23Master Transcription Regulators
7.0K
Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
7.0K
01:23Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps
996
The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
996
01:22MicroRNAs
3.1K
MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
3.1K
02:16Transcription Factors
76.8K
Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
76.8K
01:23Transcriptional Regulation: Riboswitches
113
Riboswitches are RNA elements that regulate gene expression by altering their secondary structures in response to specific effector molecules. These elements, located in the leader regions of certain mRNAs, act as transcriptional regulators by toggling between alternative conformations to control downstream gene expression. Riboswitch-mediated regulation is a precise mechanism for modulating biosynthetic pathways, as exemplified by the riboflavin biosynthesis pathway in Bacillus...
113
02:36RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins
9.4K
Proteins that regulate transcription can do so either via direct contact with RNA Polymerase or through indirect interactions facilitated by adaptors, mediators, histone-modifying proteins, and nucleosome remodelers. Direct interactions to activate transcription is seen in bacteria as well as in some eukaryotic genes. In these cases, upstream activation sequences are adjacent to the promoters, and the activator proteins interact directly with the transcriptional machinery. For example, in...
9.4K