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对研究生外科培训计划的推信的性别差异的系统审查
Betty Wen1, Rajan Bola2, Tracy Scott1
1Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Journal of surgical education
|August 24, 2025
概括
性别偏见在外科推信中有利于男性申请人进行领导性讨论,而女性则获得更多的公共条款. 这种偏见可能会阻碍女性
科学领域:
- 医疗教育
- 手术培训
- 性别研究
背景情况:
- 推信对于研究生外科培训课程的录取至关重要.
- 现有文献表明,在专业评价中可能存在基于性别的差异.
- 推信中的性别偏见对外科医生职业发展的影响仍未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和综合现有关于手术研究生培训参考信的性别偏见的文献.
- 识别参考信中的性别语言和内容的具体模式.
- 评估发现的偏见对女性申请人接受外科培训的潜在影响.
主要方法:
- 在2023年6月之前发表的研究的系统审查.
- 在MEDLINE,Embase和CINAHL数据库中进行搜索.
- 将研究性别差异的原始研究纳入外科住院和奖学金计划的参考信件.
主要成果:
- 39项研究符合477项初步查的纳入标准.
- 女申请人的信中使用了更多的社区术语.
- 男性申请人的信中更常讨论领导能力;在代理语言或研究/教学能力的讨论中没有发现一致的性别差异.
结论:
- 在手术培训课程的推信中性别差异很明显.
- 推信中的偏见可能会阻碍女性申请者进入外科领域.
- 建议包括提高对选拔委员会和信件撰写者的认识,并制定减轻风险的策略.
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