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美国的PFAS污染景观:来源和空间模式

Kimberly K Garrett¹, Vic Say¹, Sam Ciaranca²

¹Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States.

Environmental science & technology

|August 25, 2025

概括

和多基物质 (PFAS) 的污染很普遍,所有已知的污染地点都超过卫生指南. 水性薄膜成型泡 (AFFF) 的使用和金属涂层设施是关键来源,强调需要更广泛的测试和整治策略.

科学领域:

环境化学
环境科学
毒理学

背景情况:

美国的和多基物质 (PFAS) 污染程度尚不完全清楚.
PFAS是与各种健康问题相关的持久化学物质,需要进行全面的污染评估.

研究的目的:

用两个广泛的数据集在全国范围内分析PFAS污染情况.
为了比较不同的地点类别,并确定与地下水PFAS检测相关的特征和来源.
评估假设污染模型的有用性,以描述PFAS分布.

主要方法:

使用了两个全国数据集:PFAS项目实验室的已知PFAS污染追踪器 (N=2219) 和一个假定的PFAS污染数据集 (N=79,891).
在不同类别的地点比较地下水PFAS度与基于健康的监管水平 (4 ppt).
进行了空间集群分析,以确定国家和地区的PFAS污染点.

主要成果:

所有已知的PFAS污染地点的平均地下水PFAS度都超过了4 ppt的健康监管水平,其中94%的检测超出了这一极限.
水性薄膜形成泡 (AFFF) 的使用与最高的平均PFAS检测相关.
在可能使用PFAS的工业场所中,金设备占比最大 (53%),除了非AFFF来源的测试缺口外.

结论:

几乎所有评估地点的PFAS污染率都高于卫生指南.
水性膜形成泡 (AFFF) 和金属涂层设施是造成PFAS污染的重要因素.
该研究强调需要多层次的PFAS修复策略,包括扩大测试和社区宣传,同时承认数据的局限性.

关键词:

PFAS测试和调查废弃物和废弃物处理水性薄膜形成泡 (AFFF)和多基物质 (PFAS)可能的污染空间建模

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