由于肌肉骨疾病而导致的病假:前性队列研究
Rigmor Harang Knutsen1,2, Morten Birkeland Nielsen1, Lars Kristian Lunde1
1Research Group for Work Psychology and Physiology, National Institute for Occupational Health, 0363 Oslo, Norway.
International journal of nursing studies advances
|August 25, 2025
概括
在挪威,家庭护理工作者因肌肉骨疾病而面临很长的病假. 解决身体需求和提高领导力可以显著降低职业健康负担.
科学领域:
- 职业健康问题
- 公共卫生
- 肌肉骨系统疾病
背景情况:
- 在挪威,家庭护理工作者报告有很高的医疗证明病假率.
- 肌肉骨疾病 (MSD) 是病假的重要原因,与工作场所的危险因素有关.
- 对特定职业风险的有限理解需要进一步的研究.
研究的目的:
- 调查心理社会和机械工作因素对随后由于MSD的病假的影响.
- 确定在家庭护理部门有助于病假的特定工作场所条件.
主要方法:
- 这项前性队列研究涉及挪威130个市区的1819名家庭护理工作者.
- 通过对工作环境因素的调查和26个月的病假后续记录收集的数据.
- 用于计算发病率风险比率和归因于人口的风险的负二项式回归.
主要成果:
- 与患者举重,长时间站立/行走以及尬的姿势 (腰,腰) 相关的肌肉疾病病假高风险.
- 工作的体力要求也增加了病假的风险.
- 工作节奏的控制,公平和赋权的领导,以及主管的支持等因素与病假减少有关.
结论:
- 减少病假需要采取多因素的方法,既要针对身体因素,也要针对心理因素.
- 干预措施应侧重于减轻尬的姿势和沉重的劳动力.
- 提高工作控制和领导质量可以显著降低MSD相关的病假.
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