短期水上运动对墨西哥老年人的认知能力的影响
Ermilo Canton-Martinez1, Iván Rentería1, Juan Pablo Machado Parra1
1Facultad de Deportes, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Ensenada, México.
Frontiers in human neuroscience
|August 25, 2025
概括
4周的水上运动计划改善了老年人的记忆力, 不管运动类型. 执行职能没有受到水上或陆地运动干预的影响. 这表明短期有氧运动对老年人的记忆有好处.
科学领域:
- 老年学
- 认知神经科学
- 运动生理学
背景情况:
- 老龄化与认知能力下降有关,影响记忆力,注意力和执行功能.
- 身体炼,特别是有氧运动和水上活动,已知可以提高老年人的认知功能和整体健康.
- 水上运动有助于改善心血管健康,肌肉强度和认知能力.
研究的目的:
- 评估为期四周的水上运动对老年人的认知功能的影响.
- 将水中运动与陆上运动对老年人的记忆力和执行功能的影响进行比较.
主要方法:
- 16名墨西哥老年人参加了为期4周的水上运动组 (n=9) 或陆地运动组 (n=7).
- 用于语言记忆的雷听力语言学习测试 (RAVLT) 和视觉记忆的雷奥斯特里特复杂图形测试 (ROCF) 来评估认知功能.
- 使用五位数测试 (FDT) 和受控口语关联测试 (COWAT) 测量执行功能,包括抑制控制,认知灵活性和口语流性.
主要成果:
- 水上和陆地运动干预导致口头记忆编码和回忆的显著改善 (RAVLT得分,p < 0.05).
- 在两组中都观察到视觉记忆的有利变化,ROCF的延迟回忆得分更高 (p < 0. 05).
- 无论是水上还是陆地运动干预都没有导致执行职能发生重大变化.
结论:
- 一个为期4周的有氧运动计划, 无论是水上还是陆上, 似乎可以改善老年人的记忆领域.
- 在这群人群中,短期 (4周) 的有氧运动干预似乎没有显著影响执行功能.
- 短期水中炼对墨西哥老年人的记忆力有好处.
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